Table 6.
Included Articles (Alphabetical Order) With Community-Based Interventions
| Reference Study Type |
Context | Strategy | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Giampaoli et al 199788 Non-randomized controlled trial |
Italy. Community, rural population. 1598 adults. | 10 years intervention. In the community, schools and workplaces: distribution of printed material, setting up of consulting rooms, organization of lectures and exhibitions, theoretical and practical courses for teachers and health care personnel. | Cigarettes/day, 10 years: Women: −0.27 cig/day Men: NS. Point prevalence abstinence: NS |
| Goodman et al 199585 Cohort study: cross sectional analysis with a matched comparison |
USA. Community, general population. 1642 people. | Community-wide campaigns to improve physical activity, diet and smoking. A health promotion program was distributed to local workplaces and media shared health information, and self-help kits for smoking cessation were distributed. | Smoking prevalence Men: - 2.1% vs −1.4% (c) Women: NS |
| Hoffmeister et al 199686 Cohort: cross sectional analysis, comparison to a reference population |
West Germany. Community. 8600 people. | A 7-year multifaceted prevention program to improve healthy behaviors. Non-smoking areas in public places, poster campaign and anti-smoking campaigns in the local media and seminars to help smokers quit. | Smoking prevalence 7 years: −6.7% |
| Malmgren, Andersson198689 Cohort: before-after analysis |
Sweden. Community. 2887 participants. | 1-year newspaper campaign to improve dietary, smoking and exercise habits. And 10 informational meetings with specialists. | Point prevalence abstinence 12 mo: +12% (62% respondents) |
| Nafziger et al 200187 Cohort: cross sectional analysis, comparison to a reference population |
USA. Community, rural population of 158,000 people. | 5 years intervention. Risk factor screening: workplaces, local health fairs, village festivals. Smoking cessation education and school-based smoking prevention programs. Media: radio, newspaper. Brochures and posters (worksites, grocery store, medical and dental clinics, schools). | Point prevalence abstinence 5 years: 10.3% vs 2.8% (c) |
Abbreviations: RCT, randomized controlled trial; mo, months; vs, versus; (c), control group; NS, no significant difference.