Table 1.

Cytoskeletal proteins in neurite outgrowth

Protein	Role in mitosis	Experimental approaches	Role in neuronal development	Reference
Kinesin-5	Bipolar spindle formation	siRNA in cultured rat neurons. Chemical inhibition in cultured rat neurons.	Axon outgrowth, Brake on microtubule transport, Growth cone turning	[8, 29, 30]
Kinesin-1		RNAi and mutation in cultured Drosophila neurons. Mutation in Drosophila in vivo	Neurite outgrowth. Microtubule sliding	[5, 13]
Dynein	Centrosome separation, mitotic spindle positioning	Dynein heavy chain RNAi in cultured Drosophila neurons Dynein complex component mutation in Drosophila in vivo siRNA/Chemical inhibition in rat cultured neurons	Microtubule polarity Microtubule transport	[7, 19, 21, 22]
Kinesin-6	Bundle spindle microtubules	RNAi in Drosophila in vitro and in vivo RNAi in mouse hippocampal cultures	Brake on sliding Brake on neurite overextension Microtubule polarity	[39, 41]
Kinesin-12	Microtubule crosslinker. Maintain spindle.	siRNA in rat hippocampal cultures Knock out in zebrafish in vivo	Axon outgrowth Bidirectional microtubule transport Regulate microtubule invasion into growth cones Axon outgrowth Axon regeneration	[48–50]
Kinesin-14	Spindle organization	siRNA and chemical inhibition in rat hippocampal or sympathyetic cultures	Axon outgrowth Axon branching Microtubule polarity	[46]
Kinesin-13	Microtubule depolymerizer	Inhibition and Conditional knockout in mouse culture. Mutant Kinesin-13 in C. elegans in vivo	Correct branching. Axon specification	[57–59]
Mis-12	Kinetochore component	Drosophila RNAi and mutant in vivo	Neurite extension. NMJ formation.	[62]
Ndc80	Kinetochore-microtubule attachment	Drosophila RNAi in vivo C. elegans depletion and mutation in vivo	Neurite extension. NMJ formation.	[62, 63]