Table 1.

Effects of empagliflozin on metabolic parameters at 8 weeks of treatment

	NC	HFD	HFD+Empa
Fed blood glucose	145.0±6.9	176.9±4.4**	155.1±5.9#
Plasma TG (mg/dL)	28.1±4.5	50.5±8.7*	29.9±6.0#
Plasma TC (mg/dL)	80.5±3.6	181.1±10.8**	149.1±6.4#
Plasma NEFA (mEq/L)	0.20±0.04	0.27±0.07	0.22±0.06
Plasma ALT (IU/L)	10.6±1.8	30.5±3.3**	21.6±2.2##
Plasma AST (IU/L)	4.9±1.0	21.4±1.5**	11.1±2.1#
Plasma ketone body (mmol/L)	0.91±0.03	0.95±0.03	1.18±0.05##
Plasma glycerol (μM)	376.9±24.7	364.9±36.4	487.4±31.3##
Plasma TBARS (μM)	4.2±0.96	11.9±2.2**	5.9±0.8#
Plasma 8-OHdG (ng/mL)	10.8±1.8	45.7±6.6**	22.6±4.7#
Plasma creatinine (mg/dL)	1.3±0.1	1.5±0.3	1.54±0.2

Shown are blood parameters of mice fasted for 16 hours. Data were obtained from mice aged 24 weeks on different diets. Data are presented as means±SEM, n=6–8. *P<0.05 and **p<0.01, respectively, for comparisons with NC-fed mice; #p<0.05 and ##p<0.01, respectively, for comparisons with HFD-fed mice.

ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; HFD, high-fat diet; NC, normal chow; NEFA, non-esterified fatty acids; 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substrates ; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.