Table 2. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis for incident metabolic syndrome in the entire cohort and the propensity score-matched cohort.

	Total cohort (n = 28,880)				Matched cohort (n = 1,092)
	Unadjusted		Covariate-adjusted†		Unadjusted
	HR (95% CI)	p-value	HR (95% CI)	p-value	HR (95% CI)	p-value
NAFLD	8.60 (5.12–14.46)	<0.01	2.10 (1.18–3.71)	0.01	3.56 (1.79–7.07)	<0.01
Age	1.04 (1.03–1.04)	<0.01	1.03 (1.02–1.04)	<0.01	1.01 (0.97–1.05)	0.60
Male	2.50 (2.00–3.13)	<0.01	1.39 (1.06–1.84)	0.02	0.81 (0.24–2.66)	0.73
Body mass index	1.56 (1.45–1.69)	<0.01	1.40 (1.29–1.53)	<0.01	1.04 (0.14–7.62)	0.97
Current smoking	2.20 (1.74–2.84)	<0.01	1.60 (1.20–2.14)	<0.01	1.29 (0.65–2.55)	0.47

Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis to identify predictors of incident metabolic syndrome at follow-up health evaluation.

^†, adjusted for NAFLD, age, male, body mass index, current smoking.

CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.