Table 1. The available data on the in vivo CEST-MRI of glucose analogs.

Glucose analog	Model1	Chemical shift (ppm)	Mode of administration	Administrated dose2	% CEST	Undergo metabolism	References
2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG)	Breast tumors D1-DMBA-3	1.2	IV	2.0 g/kg	20	+	(20)
	Rat brains	1.2	IV	1.0 g/kg	2	+	(19)
2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)	Breast tumors D1-DMBA	1.2	IV	1.0 g/kg	18	+	(20)
Dextran	Colon tumors CT26	0.9	IV	0.375 g/kg (10 kD)	7	+	(41)
Sucralose	9L glioma	1.0	IV	200 mM, 0.2 mL/min	4.8	+	(43)
Sucrose	Breast tumors TS/A and B16	0.7–1.2	IV	1.2 g/kg	5	+	(44)
Glucosamine (GlcN)	Breast tumors 4T1	1.2	PO	0.38 g/kg	4	+	(29)
	Breast tumors MCF7		IV	1.0 g/kg	4.5
	Breast tumors MCF7		PO	1.0 g/kg	5.5
N-Acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc)	Breast tumors TS/A and B16	0.7–1.2	IV	1.2 g/kg	3.5	+	(44)
	Breast tumors 4T1	1.2	IV	1.1 g/kg	6.5	+	(48)
	Breast tumors 4T1		PO	1.0 g/kg	6		(48)
Kanamycin A	Insufficient in vitro CEST signal	1.2		–		+	(Rivlin M, 2018, unpublished results)
Streptozotocin	Insufficient in vitro CEST signal	1.2		–		+	(Rivlin M, 2018, unpublished results)
3-amino-3-deoxy-D-glucose	Insufficient in vitro CEST signal	1.2		–		+	(Rivlin M, 2018, unpublished results)
D-xylose	9L glioma	–	IV	1.0 g/kg		+	(74)
3-O-Methyl-D-glucose (3OMG)	Breast tumors D1-DMBA-3	1.2	IP	1.5 g/kg	20.7	−	(20)
	Breast tumors 4T1		IV, IP, PO	0.7 g/kg	4.0–4.4		(29)
	Breast tumors 4T1		PO	1.0 g/kg	6		(29)
	Breast tumors MCF7		PO	1.0 g/kg	5		(29)
	Breast tumors MDA-MB-231		PO	1.0 g/kg	4		(29)
	Glioma tumors U87-MG	1.2	IV	3.0 g/kg	5	−	(59)
2-O-methyl-D-glucose (2OMG)	Breast tumors 4T1	1.2	IP	2.0 g/kg	10	−	(Rivlin M, 2018, unpublished results)
6-deoxy-D-glucose (6DG)	Breast tumors 4T1	1.0	IP	3.0 g/kg	9	−	(Rivlin M, 2018, unpublished results)

¹, tumor cells implanted in mice unless specified otherwise; ², minimal dose tested.