Table 3.
Physical properties of TG powders produced at different conditions
| Exp. no | Moisture (%) | L | a | b | ρp (kg/m3) | ρb (kg/m3) | ρt (kg/m3) | CI (%) | HR | ε (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.50 (± 0.04) | 92.81 (± 0.51) | 1.92 (± 0.08) | 11.45 (± 0.09) | 1453 (± 0.44) | 116.2 (± 1.07) | 179.8 (± 7.20) | 35.32 (± 2.00) | 1.547 (± 0.048) | 87.63 (± 0.49) |
| 2 | 5.44 (± 0.05) | 99.32 (± 1.14) | 2.41 (± 0.27) | 13.04 (± 0.76) | 1254 (± 14.28) | 121.3 (± 1.12) | 189.8 (± 2.83) | 36.11 (± 0.36) | 1.565 (± 0.009) | 84.86 (± 0.05) |
| 3 | 6.29 (± 0.08) | 93.29 (± 0.22) | 6.41 (± 0.40) | 18.10 (± 0.30) | 1385 (± 23.24) | 124.9 (± 9.26) | 194.9 (± 15.94) | 35.90 (± 0.49) | 1.561 (± 0.012) | 85.93 (± 0.91) |
| 4 | 6.45 (± 0.06) | 91.58 (± 0.44) | 5.53 (± 0.29) | 17.41 (± 0.68) | 1461 (± 44.49) | 168.0 (± 6.46) | 250.2 (± 2.86) | 32.86 (± 1.82) | 1.489 (± 0.040) | 82.88 (± 0.33) |
| 5 | 6.01 (± 0.00) | 84.84 (± 0.73) | 6.60 (± 0.24) | 18.83 (± 0.25) | 1398 (± 126.39) | 111.6 (± 2.75) | 188.6 (± 0.90) | 40.83 (± 1.18) | 1.690 (± 0.034) | 86.45 (± 1.16) |
| 6 | 7.03 (± 0.03) | 93.32 (± 1.44) | 4.04 (± 0.37) | 15.75 (± 0.65) | 1251 (± 9.82) | 50.1 (± 3.79) | 71.7 (± 3.59) | 30.11 (± 1.79) | 1.430 (± 0.037) | 94.27 (± 0.33) |
| 7 | 6.82 (± 0.10) | 91.90 (± 0.37) | 6.84 (± 0.27) | 20.28 (± 0.43) | 1287 (± 36.29) | 181.8 (± 2.26) | 292.4 (± 1.55) | 37.82 (± 1.10) | 1.608 (± 0.029) | 77.26 (± 0.76) |
| 8 | 4.99 (± 0.23) | 90.16 (± 0.52) | 7.30 (± 0.17) | 21.91 (± 0.07) | 1465 (± 7.39) | 200.1 (± 9.01) | 302.0 (± 3.33) | 33.74 (± 3.71) | 1.510 (± 0.085) | 79.39 (± 0.12) |
| 9 | 6.97 (± 0.15) | 98.61 (± 1.11) | 4.44 (± 0.46) | 17.32 (± 0.36) | 1300 (± 73.83) | 162.7 (± 4.23) | 260.3 (± 9.84) | 37.48 (± 0.74) | 1.600 (± 0.019) | 79.97 (± 0.38) |
| 10 | 5.98 (± 0.04) | 90.50 (± 0.53) | 7.58 (± 0.55) | 22.04 (± 0.19) | 1333 (± 4.92) | 175.5 (± 1.71) | 264.8 (± 7.98) | 33.69 (± 2.64) | 1.509 (± 0.060) | 80.13 (± 0.67) |
| 11 | 6.81 (± 0.35) | 88.61 (± 1.56) | 4.37 (± 0.06) | 14.65 (± 0.36) | 1207 (± 16.63) | 75.6 (± 0.66) | 126.5 (± 4.15) | 40.22 (± 2.48) | 1.674 (± 0.070) | 89.52 (± 0.20) |
| 12 | 6.46 (± 0.38) | 85.69 (± 0.57) | 3.51 (± 0.08) | 13.46 (± 0.33) | 1312 (± 13.40) | 89.0 (± 0.81) | 160.0 (± 1.78) | 44.37 (± 0.11) | 1.797 (± 0.004) | 87.80 (± 0.01) |
| 13 | 5.07 (± 0.27) | 86.89 (± 1.31) | 3.69 (± 0.12) | 13.71 (± 0.22) | 1476 (± 14.90) | 147.5 (± 2.76) | 246.6 (± 5.29) | 40.16 (± 2.40) | 1.672 (± 0.067) | 83.30 (± 0.19) |
| 14 | 7.42 (± 0.19) | 86.12 (± 0.50) | 3.49 (± 0.07) | 13.28 (± 0.32) | 1352 (± 38.19) | 107.3 (± 4.69) | 179.5 (± 4.55) | 40.25 (± 1.10) | 1.673 (± 0.031) | 86.71 (± 0.71) |
| 15 | 7.16 (± 0.20) | 89.94 (± 2.63) | 3.37 (± 0.08) | 10.78 (± 0.57) | 1298 (± 0.01) | 129.8 (± 5.28) | 197.6 (± 10.07) | 34.30 (± 0.68) | 1.523 (± 0.016) | 84.77 (± 0.78) |
| 16 | 5.22 (± 0.22) | 87.06 (± 1.21) | 2.46 (± 0.24) | 10.58 (± 0.33) | 1387 (± 18.49) | 190.0 (± 3.95) | 315.8 (± 10.52) | 39.80 (± 3.26) | 1.663 (± 0.090) | 77.24 (± 0.45) |
| 17 | 6.44 (± 0.16) | 89.38 (± 0.38) | 4.22 (± 0.03) | 13.82 (± 0.11) | 1439 (± 0.35) | 139.4 (± 1.31) | 204.2 (± 5.80) | 31.69 (± 1.30) | 1.464 (± 0.028) | 85.81 (± 0.40) |
| 18 | 5.21 (± 0.40) | 81.25 (± 0.65) | 1.51 (± 0.21) | 10.75 (± 0.82) | 1459 (± 3.37) | 102.8 (± 2.93) | 173.9 (± 3.29) | 40.87 (± 2.81) | 1.692 (± 0.080) | 88.08 (± 0.20) |
| 19 | 5.47 (± 0.21) | 90.36 (± 0.56) | 4.42 (± 0.07) | 14.36 (± 0.30) | 1415 (± 16.90) | 176.3 (± 4.80) | 344.5 (± 1.95) | 48.81 (± 1.68) | 1.954 (± 0.064) | 75.64 (± 0.43) |
| 20 | 5.19 (± 0.16) | 85.94 (± 0.49) | 2.55 (± 0.24) | 13.52 (± 0.65) | 1392 (± 18.74) | 117.8 (± 2.45) | 229.0 (± 4.50) | 48.53 (± 2.08) | 1.944 (± 0.079) | 83.54 (± 0.55) |
| 21 | 6.90 (± 0.23) | 93.06 (± 1.43) | 4.11 (± 0.50) | 13.88 (± 1.06) | 1274 (± 13.51) | 106.0 (± 0.11) | 169.9 (± 1.61) | 37.63 (± 0.53) | 1.603 (± 0.014) | 86.66 (± 0.01) |
| 22 | 6.06 (± 0.44) | 87.74 (± 0.83) | 2.44 (± 0.09) | 11.44 (± 0.18) | 1392 (± 18.09) | 144.2 (± 8.94) | 235.4 (± 8.15) | 38.67 (± 5.92) | 1.633 (± 0.158) | 83.08 (± 0.81) |
| 23 | 7.21 (± 0.05) | 92.62 (± 1.16) | 2.09 (± 0.08) | 11.30 (± 0.27) | 1284 (± 21.32) | 59.6 (± 0.16) | 95.5 (± 0.48) | 37.59 (± 0.48) | 1.602 (± 0.012) | 92.56 (± 0.16) |
| 24 | 4.97 (± 0.21) | 87.17 (± 1.39) | 5.87 (± 0.10) | 16.60 (± 1.67) | 1322 (± 32.32) | 105.4 (± 3.92) | 169.5 (± 7.45) | 37.80 (± 0.42) | 1.608 (± 0.011) | 87.17 (± 0.88) |
| 25 | 6.67 (± 0.20) | 86.59 (± 0.12) | 3.25 (± 0.11) | 11.9 (± 0.36) | 1306 (± 17.32) | 84.8 (± 1.40) | 116.3 (± 1.45) | 27.08 (± 2.11) | 1.372 (± 0.040) | 91.10 (± 0.01) |
| 26 | 5.17 (± 0.28) | 90.78 (± 0.95) | 2.96 (± 0.09) | 11.35 (± 0.12) | 1373 (± 2.39) | 201.9 (± 10.50) | 353.1 (± 1.64) | 42.82 (± 2.71) | 1.749 (± 0.083) | 74.28 (± 0.16) |
| 27 | 5.95 (± 0.06) | 87.93 (± 0.82) | 7.13 (± 0.43) | 17.75 (± 0.24) | 1387 (± 19.77) | 189.8 (± 3.88) | 300.3 (± 8.22) | 36.75 (± 3.02) | 1.582 (± 0.076) | 78.35 (± 0.90) |
| 28 | 5.58 (± 0.29) | 89.68 (± 0.38) | 6.24 (± 0.53) | 17.20 (± 0.83) | 1332 (± 28.20) | 199.0 (± 1.78) | 345.6 (± 2.28) | 42.40 (± 0.14) | 1.736 (± 0.004) | 74.05 (± 0.38) |
| 29 | 5.09 (± 0.10) | 92.84 (± 1.65) | 3.08 (± 0.14) | 11.65 (± 0.54) | 1385 (± 14.04) | 202.5 (± 9.61) | 311.4 (± 3.50) | 35.00 (± 2.36) | 1.538 (± 0.056) | 77.51 (± 0.48) |
| 30 | 6.67 (± 0.04) | 91.76 (± 1.15) | 3.62 (± 0.08) | 12.49 (± 0.35) | 1393 (± 12.96) | 181.2 (± 0.05) | 261.9 (± 4.16) | 30.79 (± 1.12) | 1.445 (± 0.023) | 81.21 (± 0.12) |
| 31 | 6.74 (± 0.05) | 79.13 (± 1.75) | 1.20 (± 0.24) | 7.76 (± 0.67) | 1391 (± 18.83) | 157.7 (± 4.38) | 241.4 (± 4.29) | 34.67 (± 0.65) | 1.531 (± 0.015) | 82.65 (± 0.07) |
| 32 | 5.25 (± 0.14) | 80.33 (± 1.46) | 2.61 (± 0.40) | 10.91 (± 0.77) | 1342 (± 48.89) | 222.8 (± 5.60) | 369.9 (± 9.96) | 39.72 (± 3.14) | 1.660 (± 0.086) | 72.41 (± 1.75) |
| 33 | 7.03 (± 0.02) | 90.20 (± 1.86) | 0.53 (± 0.07) | 8.42 (± 0.57) | 1338 (± 28.60) | 50.5 (± 1.63) | 90.7 (± 3.03) | 44.25 (± 3.65) | 1.796 (± 0.118) | 93.22 (± 0.37) |
| 34 | 5.26 (± 0.04) | 78.79 (± 3.31) | 3.03 (± 1.20) | 12.32 (± 0.99) | 1358 (± 42.51) | 139.0 (± 3.04) | 232.1 (± 9.03) | 40.07 (± 1.02) | 1.669 (± 0.028) | 82.91 (± 0.13) |
| 35 | 7.08 (± 0.03) | 89.24 (± 1.86) | 1.62 (± 0.21) | 11.12 (± 0.74) | 1466 (± 10.66) | 100.9 (± 0.93) | 200.5 (± 0.01) | 49.68 (± 0.46) | 1.987 (± 0.018) | 86.32 (± 0.10) |
| 36 | 6.78 (± 0.12) | 85.75 (± 0.20) | 1.51 (± 0.29) | 9.89 (± 0.34) | 1382 (± 17.97) | 151.7 (± 0.77) | 266.5 (± 2.77) | 43.07 (± 0.30) | 1.757 (± 0.009) | 80.72 (± 0.45) |
| 37 | 4.85 (± 0.06) | 83.49 (± 0.45) | 0.86 (± 0.12) | 8.80 (± 1.29) | 1423 (± 23.21) | 168.3 (± 0.61) | 310.3 (± 3.18) | 45.74 (± 0.75) | 1.843 (± 0.026) | 78.20 (± 0.58) |
| 38 | 4.75 (± 0.14) | 91.70 (± 0.24) | 1.80 (± 0.34) | 10.86 (± 0.82) | 1359 (± 36.29) | 174.5 (± 2.08) | 303.5 (± 1.11) | 42.52 (± 0.47) | 1.740 (± 0.014) | 77.65 (± 0.68) |
| 39 | 5.30 (± 0.04) | 84.27 (± 1.61) | 3.80 (± 0.30) | 15.06 (± 0.25) | 1420 (± 1.33) | 155.8 (± 4.55) | 274.3 (± 2.23) | 43.22 (± 1.20) | 1.761 (± 0.037) | 80.68 (± 0.18) |
| 40 | 5.46 (± 0.05) | 86.71 (± 0.88) | 2.66 (± 0.44) | 12.47 (± 0.34) | 1326 (± 3.33) | 181.2 (± 9.51) | 374.1 (± 4.29) | 51.54 (± 3.10) | 2.064 (± 0.132) | 71.79 (± 0.39) |
| 41 | 5.46 (± 0.09) | 92.82 (± 0.58) | 2.50 (± 0.28) | 12.08 (± 0.25) | 1329 (± 12.92) | 180.9 (± 1.64) | 271.3 (± 2.46) | 33.33 (± 0.00) | 1.500 (± 0.000) | 79.59 (± 0.01) |
| 42 | 6.42 (± 0.06) | 96.07 (± 1.04) | 3.10 (± 0.38) | 13.88 (± 0.44) | 1303 (± 13.82) | 170.3 (± 2.87) | 249.3 (± 4.40) | 31.67 (± 2.36) | 1.464 (± 0.051) | 80.88 (± 0.13) |
| 43 | 7.24 (± 0.05) | 90.60 (± 0.12) | 2.79 (± 0.06) | 13.09 (± 0.19) | 1353 (± 8.76) | 72.7 (± 3.44) | 113.4 (± 1.26) | 35.86 (± 2.33) | 1.559 (± 0.057) | 91.62 (± 0.15) |
| 44 | 5.64 (± 0.06) | 91.07 (± 1.09) | 6.18 (± 0.70) | 18.48 (± 1.03) | 1381 (± 6.78) | 133.1 (± 1.95) | 198.7 (± 19.54) | 32.65 (± 7.61) | 1.493 (± 0.169) | 85.62 (± 1.34) |
| 45 | 5.69 (± 0.18) | 88.27 (± 1.27) | 4.26 (± 0.36) | 15.76 (± 0.57) | 1323 (± 27.36) | 240.0 (± 1.08) | 380.5 (± 11.79) | 36.88 (± 2.24) | 1.585 (± 0.056) | 71.25 (± 0.30) |
| 46 | 5.09 (± 0.09) | 87.60 (± 0.58) | 4.50 (± 0.04) | 16.07 (± 0.18) | 1382 (± 2.51) | 195.1 (± 0.62) | 303.9 (± 14.96) | 35.71 (± 3.37) | 1.558 (± 0.082) | 78.01 (± 1.04) |
| 47 | 5.64 (± 0.02) | 84.36 (± 0.80) | 5.27 (± 0.24) | 17.05 (± 0.71) | 1375 (± 15.62) | 139.3 (± 15.58) | 225.9 (± 27.05) | 37.45 (± 14.39) | 1.621 (± 0.378) | 83.58 (± 1.78) |
| 48 | 7.03 (± 0.18) | 90.34 (± 1.49) | 5.93 (± 0.92) | 19.67 (± 0.61) | 1343 (± 8.38) | 101.9 (± 14.50) | 143.4 (± 14.27) | 29.09 (± 3.06) | 1.407 (± 0.061) | 89.32 (± 1.13) |
| 49 | 6.60 (± 0.39) | 80.34 (± 1.52) | 2.23 (± 0.45) | 11.53 (± 0.80) | 1381 (± 21.12) | 173.2 (± 3.68) | 320.0 (± 2.23) | 45.86 (± 1.53) | 1.847 (± 0.052) | 76.83 (± 0.52) |
| 50 | 7.43 (± 0.34) | 85.89 (± 0.98) | 2.81 (± 0.30) | 13.58 (± 0.41) | 1330 (± 26.82) | 136.0 (± 3.11) | 272.4 (± 10.30) | 50.03 (± 3.03) | 2.004 (± 0.122) | 79.52 (± 0.36) |
| 51 | 5.26 (± 0.03) | 93.15 (± 0.91) | 7.39 (± 0.04) | 21.82 (± 0.12) | 1446 (± 13.44) | 288.5 (± 7.19) | 443.6 (± 7.20) | 34.97 (± 0.56) | 1.538 (± 0.013) | 69.32 (± 0.78) |
| 52 | 6.60 (± 0.19) | 95.04 (± 6.52) | 5.65 (± 0.34) | 19.13 (± 0.28) | 1416 (± 21.33) | 209.3 (± 1.67) | 326.3 (± 2.01) | 35.87 (± 0.91) | 1.559 (± 0.022) | 76.95 (± 0.49) |
| 53 | 5.18 (± 0.06) | 94.96 (± 0.42) | 7.38 (± 0.02) | 21.98 (± 0.16) | 1462 (± 37.90) | 215.9 (± 3.84) | 334.6 (± 9.31) | 35.42 (± 2.95) | 1.549 (± 0.071) | 77.10 (± 1.23) |
| 54 | 6.69 (± 0.01) | 99.33 (± 0.10) | 5.13 (± 0.39) | 18.82 (± 0.33) | 1427 (± 12.54) | 158.4 (± 5.65) | 262.1 (± 6.68) | 39.57 (± 0.61) | 1.654 (± 0.017) | 81.64 (± 0.31) |
| 55 | 5.43 (± 0.06) | 93.61 (± 1.15) | 7.17 (± 0.03) | 21.52 (± 0.18) | 1451 (± 13.46) | 278.2 (± 7.20) | 387.1 (± 9.58) | 28.15 (± 0.08) | 1.392 (± 0.002) | 73.32 (± 0.91) |
| 56 | 7.20 (± 0.09) | 94.32 (± 0.60) | 6.62 (± 0.43) | 20.33 (± 0.33) | 1424 (± 25.50) | 119.3 (± 4.70) | 189.4 (± 3.01) | 37.05 (± 1.48) | 1.588 (± 0.037) | 86.70 (± 0.03) |
| 57 | 5.52 (± 0.13) | 93.70 (± 0.95) | 6.37 (± 0.49) | 20.58 (± 0.51) | 1363 (± 9.34) | 228.0 (± 3.91) | 344.7 (± 5.02) | 33.84 (± 0.17) | 1.511 (± 0.004) | 74.72 (± 0.20) |
| 58 | 5.38 (± 0.08) | 88.85 (± 0.80) | 8.12 (± 0.81) | 22.30 (± 0.94) | 1402 (± 18.25) | 143.3 (± 5.00) | 188.3 (± 10.54) | 23.86 (± 1.61) | 1.314 (± 0.028) | 86.57 (± 0.58) |
| 59 | 5.06 (± 0.06) | 94.34 (± 1.13) | 7.05 (± 0.15) | 21.27 (± 0.19) | 1283 (± 20.65) | 279.9 (± 0.89) | 442.9 (± 5.33) | 36.81 (± 0.98) | 1.583 (± 0.025) | 65.46 (± 0.98) |
particle density, bulk density, tapped density, CI Carr Index, HR Hausner Ratio, ε porosity