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. 2019 Oct 21;20(20):5208. doi: 10.3390/ijms20205208

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Neuroprotective compounds via mitochondrial quality control in PD. Mitochondrial quality is controlled by redox systems, structural dynamics, and mitophagy. In addition, it can be enhanced by hormetic adaptive stress responses. Some natural compounds revert and/or enhance redox system by NRF2 signaling, and improve mitochondrial quality by controlling structural dynamics and mitophagy. In addition, some compounds evoke adaptive stress responses mediated by SIRT1, which induce gene expression involved in redox enzymes, mitochondrial biogenesis/energetics and mitophagy. Therefore, these compounds protect DA neurons in PD.