| WHO | World Health Organization |
| PM | particulate matter |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| PAHs | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons |
| VOCs | volatile organic compounds |
| NA | Naphthalene |
| ACY | Acenaphthylene |
| ACE | Acenaphthene |
| FLU | Fluorene |
| PHE | Phenanthrene |
| ANT | Anthracene |
| FLT | Fluoranthene |
| PYR | Pyrene |
| BaA | Benzo(a)anthracene |
| CRY | Chrysene |
| BbF | Benzo(b)Flouranthene |
| BkF | Benzo(k)Flouranthene |
| BaP | Benzo (a) pyrene |
| IND | Indeno(1,2,3-cd) pyrene |
| DBA | Dibenzo(a,h) anthracene |
| BGP | Benzo(ghi)perylene |
| WSIs | water-soluble ions |
| Ms | metals/metalloids |
| MDLs | method detection limits |
| ICP MS | Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry |
| ICP-QQQ | Triple Quadrupole ICP-MS |
| DCM | dichloromethane |
| GC | gas chromatography |
| LAL | Limulus Amebocyte Lysate |
| PI | Propidium Iodide |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| H2O2 | Hydrogen peroxide |
| TBS | Tris-Buffered Saline |
| TBS-T | TBS with 0.1% Tween20 |
| BSA | bovine serum albumin |
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