Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and patients in sinus rhythm (SR), used for ATP measurements and Western blot analysis of atrial appendages.
| SR | PAF | PeAF | LSPeAF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 35 | 14 | 24 | 14 |
| RAA | 33 | 13 | 22 | 12 |
| LAA | 7 | 4 | 19 | 8 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male (N, %) | 26 (74.3) | 10 (71.4) | 15 (62.5) | 12 (85.7) |
| Female (N, %) | 9 (25.7) | 4 (28.6) | 9 (37.5) | 2 (14.3) |
| Age (mean ± SD) | 71 ± 12 | 70 ± 15 | 69 ± 9 | 74 ± 6 |
| Underlying heart disease (N, %) | ||||
| CAD | 24 (68.6) | 4 (28.6) | 6 (25) | 6 (42.9) |
| AVD | 2 (5.7) | 2 (14.3) | 3 (12.5) | 3 (21.4) |
| MVD | 2 (5.7) | 3 (21.4) | 11 (45.8) | 3 (21.4) |
| CAD + AVD | 6 (17.1) | 3 (21.4) | 3 (12.5) | 2 (14.3) |
| CAD + MVD | 1 (2.9) | 2 (14.3) | 1 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) |
| Duration of AF (mean ± SD (months)) | - | 89 ± 95 | 61 ± 53 | 154 ± 90 |
| LA dilatation (>45 mm, %) | 7 (20) | 3 (21.4) | 13 (54.2) | 11 (78.6) |
| LVF (N, %) | ||||
| Normal | 29 (82.9) | 11 (78.6) | 12 (50) | 9 (64.3) |
| Mild impairment | 6 (17.1) | 2 (14.3) | 6 (25) | 4 (28.6) |
| Moderate impairment | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.1) | 5 (20.8) | 1 (7.1) |
| Severe impairment | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) |
| Medication (N, %) | ||||
| ACE | 24 (68.6) | 8 (57.1) | 16 (66.7) | 12 (85.7) |
| Statin | 29 (82.9) | 8 (57.1) | 7 (29.2) | 10 (71.4) |
| Type I AAD | 0 (0.0) | 2 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Type II AAD | 24 (68.6) | 7 (50) | 17 (70.8) | 12 (85.7) |
| Type III AAD | 0 (0.0) | 5 (35.7) | 3 (12.5) | 1 (7.1) |
| Type IV AAD | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.2) | 1 (7.1) |
| Digoxin | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.1) | 8 (33.3) | 4 (28.6) |
SR: Sinus rhythm, PAF: Paroxysmal AF, PeAF: Persistent AF, LSPeAF: Longstanding persistent AF, RAA: Right atrial appendage, LAA: Left atrial appendage, CAD: Coronary artery disease, AVD: Aortic valve disease, MVD: Mitral valve disease, LA: Left atrium, LVF: Left ventricular function, ACE: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, AAD: Anti-arrhythmic drug.