Table 4.
Summary of clinical study results on Gymnema sylvestre.
| Preparation of the plant given | Number of subjects | Duration | Therapeutic potential | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OSA (Novel high molecular weight GS preparation) | 11 | 60 days | • Significant reduction in fasting and post-prandial blood glucose level (p < 0.005 and p < 0.02 respectively) • Significantly increased level of insulin and C-peptide in blood (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively) |
(Al-Romaiyan et al., 2010) |
| Extract of leaves in capsule form | 58 human subjects with type-2 diabetes | 90 days | • Reduction in hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia (p < 0.05) • Reduced fasting and post-prandial blood glucose levels significantly (p < 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively) • Significantly increased HbA1c level ( p < 0.001) • Significantly reduced insulin resistance (p< 0.05) |
(Kumar et al., 2010) |
| GS leaf powder in hard gelatin capsule | 32 human subjects with type-2 diabetes | 30 days | • Significantly reduced glucose level (p < 0.05) • Reduced triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL level |
(Li et al., 2015) |
| Aqueous GS leaf extract | 8 healthy participants | 90 min | • Reduced oral sweet taste sensation significantly (p < 0.05) • Reduced blood glucose level |
(Kashima et al., 2017) |
| Ethanol extract of GS leaves | 22 type 2 diabetic patient | 18-20 months | • Reduced glucose level significantly (p < 0.001) • Elevated serum insulin in both the fasting and post-prandial state |
(Baskaran et al., 1990) |
| Leaf extract of GS | 64 individuals with type 1 diabetes |
6 to 30 months | • HbA1c level was reduced significantly (p < 0.001) • Reduced glucose level • Reduced requirement of Insulin |
(Shanmugasundaram et al., 1990b) |
|
G. sylvestre (Swanson Premium G. sylvestre leaf; Swanson Health Products, Fargo, ND, USA) |
24 diabetic patients | 12 weeks | • Reduction in body weight, body mass index (BMI) significantly (p < 0.05 and p < 0.05, respectively) • Decreased level of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) significantly (p < 0.05) |
(Zuñiga et al., 2017) |
| Calcium-potassium salt of (-)-hydroxycitric acid, niacin-bound chromium and GS | 90 obese subjects | 8 weeks | • Reduced weight | (Preuss et al., 2005) |
| Drops of GS “Q” with 1/4 cup of water |
21 people type 2 diabetes | 6 months | • Controlled blood glucose level | (Kothe and Uppal, 1997) |
| Aqueous decoction of shade-dried powdered leaves of GS | 10 healthy and 6 diabetic adults | 10 days | • Reduced blood glucose level | (Khare et al., 1983) |