Table 1.

Criteria for classifying employees into the HRA categories

Topic	Criteria
Work disability risk: at least one of the topics below
Doubt of work ability	Self-rated future work ability: uncertain of own ability (‘uncertain’), or quite sure (‘not able’) not being able to continue in the current job due to health reasons.
Impairment due to musculoskeletal problems at work	Numerical rating scale (0–10) score ≥5.
Pain hampering work	At least moderate pain that affects working ability at minimum three times a week.
Sleep problems	Problems in falling asleep or night awakenings AND daytime sleepiness daily or almost daily.
Depressive symptoms	DEPS score ≥11.
Work-related constant fatigue	Feeling being squeezed empty.
Work-related constant stress	Feeling tense, strained, nervous and/or anxious because work-related issues are on one’s mind all the time.
Health risks: at least one of the topics below
Weight problems*	BMI ≥30 or ≤18.5.
Diabetes risk	Diabetes risk score ≥11.
Excess use of alcohol	Males ≥350 mL/week, females ≥240 mL/week (expressed as absolute alcohol).
Some symptoms: at least one of the topics below
Impairment due to musculoskeletal problems at work	Numerical rating scale (0–10) score=4.
Some depressive symptoms	DEPS score between 8 and 10.
Some sleep problems	Problems in falling asleep or night awakenings AND daytime sleepiness 3–5 times a week.
A chronic disease	Self-reported chronic diseases.
Symptoms	Self-reported symptoms.
Lifestyle issues: at least one of the topics below
Smoking	Smoking=yes.
Physical inactivity	No physical activity during leisure time nor while commuting to work.
Overweight*	BMI between 25 and 30.
No findings
Previous criteria are not met

*Overweight and weight problems were not included in the HRA category but analysed separately in the fully adjusted model.

BMI, body mass index; DEPS, Depression Scale; HRA, health risk appraisal.