. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Nov 5.

Published in final edited form as: Glia. 2019 Feb 8;67(7):1229–1239. doi: 10.1002/glia.23595

TABLE 1.

Transcriptional consequences of histone lysine acetylation and methylation

	Modification	Function
Acetylation	H3K9ac	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
	H3K14ac	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
	H3K18ac	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
	H3K27ac	Transcriptional activation (enhancers)
	H3K36ac	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
	H4K5ac	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
	H4K8ac	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
	H4K12ac	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
	H4K16ac	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
	H4K91ac	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
Methylation	H3K4me1	Transcriptional activation (enhancers)
	H3K4me3	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
	H3K9me3	Transcriptional repression
	H3K27me3	Transcriptional repression (promoters)
	H3K36me3	Transcriptional activation
	H3K79me3	Transcriptional activation (promoters)
	H4K20me1	Transcriptional activation
	H4K20me3	Transcriptional repression

Histone lysine acetylation at both promoter and enhancer regions is associated with transcriptional activation. Histone lysine methylation is typically associated with transcriptional repression, but in some cases can also be associated with transcriptional activation.