Figure 1.
MAMPs/PAMPs and their receptors/co-receptors of plants and mammals.2–4,12,13,26,57,58 (a) MAMPs/PAMPs recognized by innate immune systems in plants and mammals. (b) Motifs/domains in the surface receptors and corresponding ligands for defense/symbiosis signaling in plants and mammals. S-d EGF: S-domain protein/epidermal growth factor; PAN: plasminogen-apple-nematode; C-Lec: C-type lectin.