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. 2019 May 3;25(5):280–293. doi: 10.1177/1753425919844587

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© The Author(s) 2019

Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 9. — LPS-induced TNF-α production and NAD-content. THP-1 cells (0.2 × 10⁶/ml) were treated with (a) 8 mM NAM, (c) 8 mM NR, (d) 3.2 mM MNA and (b) 0.1 mM VitD or the respective control (ctrl). After 96 h the cells (1 × 10⁶/ml) were incubated for further 4 h in the absence and presence of 100 ng/ml LPS. (a, b) TNF-α concentrations in the supernatants were measured by ELISA. Shown are mean values ± SD ((a) n = 6; (b) n = 3). NAD values of (c) unstimulated and (d) LPS-stimulated cells were normalised to the total protein content. Shown are means ± SD (n = 3). Statistics were performed with the paired Student’s t-test calculated to the respective control.