Table 1.

Findings associated with various body systems that were assessed as part of a clinical severity for acute pancreatitis in dogs (from Mansfield et al. 2008).

System	Finding	Points
Endocrine	No abnormalities Preexisting diabetes mellitus Diabetic ketoacidosis	0 1 2
Hepatic	No abnormalities ≥2.5-fold increase (compared with upper limit of reference range) in at least 2 of the following: serum alkaline phosphatase, alanine transferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activities ≥5-fold increase (compared with upper limit of reference range) in at least 2 of the following: serum alkaline phosphatase, alanine transferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activities Extrahepatic bile duct obstruction	0 1 2 3
Renal	No abnormalities Azotemia (≤1.5-fold increase [compared with upper limit of reference range] in serum urea and creatinine concentration) Anuria or azotemia (≥1.5-fold increase [compared with upper limit of reference range] in serum urea and creatinine concentration)	0 1 2
Hematopoietic	No abnormalities WBC count ≥ 20.0 × 109 cells/L or ≤ 4.0 × 109 cells/L, with ≤ 10% band neutrophils WBC count ≥ 20.0 × 109 cells/L or ≤ 4.0 × 109 cells/L, neutrophil count ≤ 1.0 × 109 cells/L, or ≥ 10% band neutrophils Clinicopathologic evidence of hypercoagulability or coagulation abnormalities Clinical evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation or bleeding diathesis	0 1 2 3 4
Local complications	No abnormalities Peritonitis extending beyond peripancreatic area Pseudocyst or other acute fluid accumulation Pancreatic abscess	0 1 2 3
Cardiac	No abnormalities <60 ventricular premature complexes/24-hour period or heart rate >180 beats/min Paroxysmal or sustained ventricular tachycardia	0 1 2
Respiratory	No abnormalities Clinical evidence of dyspnea or tachypnea (>40 breaths/min) Clinical evidence of pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome	0 1 2
Intestinal integrity	No abnormalities Intestinal sounds not detected during > 3 auscultations in 24-h period Hematochezia, melena, or regurgitation No enteral food intake for > 3 days No enteral food intake for > 3 days and at least 2 of the following: hematochezia, melena, and regurgitation	0 1 2 3 4
Vascular forces	No abnormalities Systolic arterial blood pressure < 60 or > 180 mm Hg or serum albumin concentration < 18 g/L Systolic arterial blood pressure < 60 or > 180 mm Hg and serum albumin concentration < 18 g/L	0 1 2

After summation of each system score, the total composite score was determined (potential maximum 24 points in total). WBC, white blood cell.