Figure 3. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial CR alleles from normal and diseased mussels.

The CR region of mitochondrial DNA was amplified, and multiple alleles were cloned from different individual normal and diseased mussels of different species and locations: M. trossulus from BC (black), M. chilensis from Argentina and Chile (red), and M. edulis from France and the Netherlands (blue). (A) A list of cloned alleles is shown, with filled boxes marking cancer-associated alleles. (B) A schematic of the rearrangement found in the cancer-associated alleles is shown with black boxes representing female-derived sequence and white boxes representing male-derived sequence (gray bars represent the likely recombination region). Parentheses mark the repeat region in allele D. (C) Phylogenetic analysis of aligned alleles shows groups of related alleles (see Figure 3—source data 1). Names specify individual ID and allele ID. Alleles from normal individuals and host alleles from diseased individuals are marked with open circles (female allele) and open squares (male allele). Closed circles mark cancer-associated alleles (colored by host species). The tree was rooted at the midpoint, with bootstrap values below 50 removed. Model used was GTR+I. The scale bar marks genetic distance. Multiple male alleles were identified in M. chilensis samples, and a representative with the greatest number of clones was chosen for each individual. Reference sequences include female M. trossulus (AY823625.1), male M. trossulus (HM462081.1), female M. edulis (DQ198231.2), male M. edulis (AY823623.1), and the M. trossulus recombinant 62cm10 (KM192133.1).