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. 2019 Oct 20;132(20):2446–2456. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000485

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Copyright © 2019 The Chinese Medical Association, produced by Wolters Kluwer, Inc. under the CC-BY-NC-ND license.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0

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Odds Ratio for perineal wound complication grouped by Asia, Europe, and South America. APE: Abdominoperineal excision; CI: Confidence interval; ELAPE: Extralevator abdominoperineal excision; MH: Mantel-Haenszel.