Table 1.
Candidate signaling factors examined for maintenance and expansion of CMCs.
| Candidate factor (abbreviation) | Activity | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| A83-01 (A) | Activin/nodal inhibitor | 19, 26 |
| bFGF (B) | FGF signaling activator | 27 |
| CHIR99021 (C) | Wnt signaling activator | 19 |
| Dorsomorphin (D) | BMP signaling inhibitor | 19 |
| IGF1 (I) | Activation and phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR | 28 |
| NRG1 agonist (N) | Potentiating the NRG1/ERBB4 signaling pathway | 29 |
| Pioglitazone (P) | PPARγ receptor activator | 30 |
| Vitamin C (V) | Chromatin modulator, MEK-ERK1/2 signaling modulator | 31 |