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. 2019 Nov 5;10:5025. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12949-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — A series of experiments to study the mechanism of the γ-selective hydroarylation. a The control experiment in the absence of arylboronic acid. b The monitoring of the alkene substrate in hydroarylation for 5 h. c Deuterium incorporation into isomerized alkene. d The hydroarylation reaction in the presence of the compound A18 for 5 h. e The reaction by use of PnBu₃ as the ligand for 5 h