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. 2019 Nov 5;5:33. doi: 10.1038/s41522-019-0105-6

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Amino acid metabolism and entry into the TCA cycle during biofilm growth is increased in RM33 biofilms. The pathways of amino acids that are associated with the TCA cycle were determined from the information provided for 86-028NP in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Biocyc Pathway databases. The concentration of amino acids within the biofilms of 86-028NP (circle) and RM33 (square) were quantitated as described in “Methods” section. The red X indicates absence of known orthologs of enzymes involved in the TCA cycle for 86-028NP. The enzymes encircled in purple are significantly increased in RM33 biofilms. The enzyme encircled in yellow is significantly decreased in RM33 biofilms. The concentrations of aspartate (pink cloud) and serine (green cloud) in the spent media were below the level of detection (indicated by the white highlight). pp periplasm, cyto cytoplasm. The mean and s.e.m. are depicted for each metabolite from three independent biological biofilms grown for 48 h. Statistical significance was determined using a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test (*p < 0.036; **p = 0.004)