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. 2019 Oct 30;10:2482. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02482

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Copyright © 2019 Qi, Liu, Li, Lv, Wang, Gong, Wang, Xu, Bao and Qin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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IL-37 treatment modulates immune responses to H1N1 infection. BALF, serum and lung homogenates were harvested 6 d.p.i. following IL-37 treatment. The levels of G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, MIG, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17A, RANTES, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and TNF, in lung homogenates (A), BAL fluid (B) as well as serum samples (C) were measured quantitatively using a Cytometric Beads Array. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of other cytokines and chemokines tested (data not shown). (D) The relative mRNA expression of cytokines in lung tissues were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Data are representative of three independent experiments with three mice for each group. *Significant difference (p < 0.05), compared with oseltamivir-inoculated mice. ^# Significant difference (p < 0.05), compared with H1N1-infected mice.