Table 2.
Comparisons between acid-base imbalance and clinical laboratory parameters in 91 patients admitted to the intensive care unit with scrub typhus.
| Parameters | Low Risk (n = 64) |
Moderate Risk (n = 17) |
High Risk (n = 10) |
p-Value 1 (χ2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical manifestation | ||||
| Age, years | 70.4 ± 11.8 | 74.4 ± 6.7 | 68.2 ± 10.4 | 0.5 2 |
| Sex, male, % | 31 (48.4) | 6 (35.3) | 7 (70.0) | 0.999 |
| Rash, % | 16 (25.0) | 1 (5.9) | 1 (10.0) | 0.102 |
| Eschar, % | 31 (48.4) | 7 (41.2) | 3 (30.0) | 0.443 |
| Critical care | ||||
| ICU length of stay (day) | 4.3 ± 4.9 | 7.7 ± 6.9 | 14.7 ± 18.9 | 0.026 2 |
| Mechanical ventilation, % | 5 (7.8) | 11 (64.7) | 10 (100) | <0.001 |
| Blood transfusion, % | 11 (17.2) | 6 (35.3) | 5 (50.0) | 0.033 |
| Reasons for ICU admission | ||||
| Sepsis, % | 23 (35.9) | 3 (17.6) | 3 (30.0) | 0.3 |
| Neurologic problem, % | 21 (32.8) | 2 (11.8) | 1 (10.0) | 0.059 |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding, % | 4 (6.3) | 4 (23.5) | 3 (30.0) | 0.023 |
| Cardiac problem, % | 5 (7.8) | 2 (11.8) | 1 (10.0) | 0.918 |
| Acute kidney injury, % | 1 (1.6) | 1 (5.9) | 0 | 0.999 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension, % | 29 (45.3) | 9 (52.9) | 6 (60.0) | 0.507 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 18 (28.1) | 3 (17.6) | 4 (40.0) | 0.999 |
| Cerebrovascular disease, % | 8 (12.5) | 1 (5.9) | 3 (30.0) | 0.999 |
| Chronic liver disease, % | 6 (9.4) | 0 | 1 (10.0) | 0.619 |
| Conventional scoring systems | ||||
| NEWS | 9.0 ± 3.4 | 12.0 ± 4.2 | 11.4 ± 3.4 | 0.001 2 |
| APACHE II | 14.4 ± 5.2 | 16.1 ± 6.3 | 20.6 ± 8.4 | 0.038 2 |
| SOFA | 5.5 ± 2.6 | 6.4 ± 3.4 | 9.3 ± 3.5 | <0.02 2 |
| GCS | 13.1 ± 2.4 | 12.1 ± 3.0 | 10.2 ± 5.2 | 0.044 2 |
| ICU mortality, % | 4 (6.3) | 3 (17.6) | 6 (60.0) | 0.001 |
ICU, intensive care unit; NEWS, National Early Warning Score; APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; SOFA, Sepsis Organ Failure Assessment; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; 1 low risk versus moderate/high risk; 2 Student’s t-test; p < 0.05 is shown in bold.