Table 1.
Demographics and clinical features of sample.
| Total Sample (n = 130) | High PLE (n = 99) | Low PLE (n = 31) | Difference (t or χ2, p) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) mean (SD) | 19.68 (1.9) | 19.74 (2.09) | 19.48 (1.12) | −0.61, 52 |
| Gender % (n) Male | 20% (26) | 21% (21) | 16% (5) | 0.38, 0.54 |
| Ethnicity % (n) Hispanic | 0.8% (1) | 1 | 0 | 0.32, 0.57 |
| Race % (n) | - | - | - | 4.36, 0.36 |
| Asian | 15% (19) | 16% (16) | 10% (3) | - |
| African American | 13% (17) | 11% (11) | 19% (6) | - |
| Caucasian | 59% (77) | 60% (59) | 58% (18) | - |
| Multiracial | 8% (10) | 9% (9) | 3% (1) | - |
| Unknown | 5% (7) | 4% (4) | 10% (3) | - |
| Clinical High Risk Status % (n) | 11% (14) | 14% (14) | 0% (0) | - |
| Emotional Abuse M (SD) | 10.35 (5.09) | 11.32 (5.11) | 7.26 (3.62) | 4.11, <0.001 * |
| None to Low | 46% (60) | 36% (36) | 77% (24) | 16.51, 0.001 * |
| Low to Moderate | 22% (28) | 24% (24) | 13% (4) | |
| Moderate to Severe | 13% (17) | 16% (16) | 3% (1) | |
| Severe to Extreme | 19% (25) | 23% (23) | 6% (2) | |
| Physical Abuse Total M (SD) | 7.15 (3.28) | 7.38 (3.40) | 6.39 (2.75) | 1.48, 0.14 |
| None to Low | 69% (90) | 65% (64) | 84% (26) | 4.25, 0.236 |
| Low to Moderate | 15% (20) | 17% (17) | 10% (3) | |
| Moderate to Severe | 7% (9) | 8% (8) | 3% (1) | |
| Severe to Extreme | 9% (11) | 10% (10) | 3% (1) | |
| Sexual Abuse Total M (SD) | 6.83 (4.36) | 7.15 (4.78) | 5.81 (2.37) | 1.51, 0.14 |
| None to Low | 75% (97) | 73% (73) | 77% (24) | 4.21, 0.240 |
| Low to Moderate | 7% (9) | 5% (5) | 13% (4) | |
| Moderate to Severe | 8% (11) | 9% (9) | 6% (2) | |
| Severe to Extreme | 10% (13) | 12% (12) | 3% (1) | |
| Emotional Neglect Total M (SD) | 10.08 (4.7) | 10.86 (4.76) | 7.58 (3.52) | 3.54, 0.001 * |
| None to Low | 53% (69) | 46% (46) | 74% (23) | 8.442, 0.038 * |
| Low to Moderate | 28% (37) | 31% (31) | 19% (6) | |
| Moderate to Severe | 11% (14) | 12% (12) | 6% (2) | |
| Severe to Extreme | 8% (10) | 10% (10) | 0% (0) | |
| Physical Neglect Total M (SD) | 6.88 (2.6) | 7.19 (2.74) | 5.90 (1.72) | 2.47, 0.02 * |
| None to Low | 69% (90) | 65% (64) | 84% (26) | 5.833, 0.120 |
| Low to Moderate | 16% (21) | 19% (19) | 6% (2) | |
| Moderate to Severe | 9% (12) | 9% (9) | 10% (3) | |
| Severe to Extreme | 6% (7) | 7% (7) | 0% (0) | |
| CTQ Total Score M (SD) | 41.29 (14.97) | 43.91 (12.59) | 32.94 (8.63) | 3.74, <0.001 * |
| SIPS 1 Unusual Thought Content M (SD) (range = 0–4) | 90 (1.24) | 1.06 (1.31) | 0.39 (0.80) | 2.71, 0.01 * |
| SIPS Paranoia/Delusional Ideas M (SD) (range = 0–5) | 1.15 (1.26) | 1.38 (1.27) | 0.39 (0.92) | 4.05, <0.001 * |
| SIPS Grandiosity M (SD) (range = 0–4) | 0.28 (0.78) | 0.36 (0.87) | 0.03 (0.18) | 2.09, 0.04 * |
| SIPS Perceptual Abnormalities M (SD) (range = 0–5) | 0.71 (1.13) | 0.85 (1.22) | 0.26 (0.63) | 2.59, 0.01 * |
| SIPS Disorganized Communication M (SD) (range = 0–4) | 0.60 (0.87) | 0.70 (0.91) | 0.29 (0.64) | 2.31, 0.02 * |
| PQ 2 Positive Total Score M (SD) (range = 0–38) | 16.84 (9.53) | 20.84 (6.92) | 4.06 (3.60) | 12.94, <0.001 * |
| Anxiety Disorder Diagnosis % (n) | 55% (72) | 62% (61) | 36% (11) | 2.60, 0.01 * |
| Depressive Disorder Diagnosis % (n) | 46% (60) | 53% (52) | 26% (8) | 2.65, 0.009 * |
| Bipolar Disorder Diagnosis % (n) | 5% (7) | 7% (7) | 0% (0) | 1.52, 0.13 |
| PTSD 3 Diagnosis % (n) | 13% (17) | 16% (16) | 3% (1) | 1.88, 0.06 |
| OCD 4 Disorder Diagnosis % (n) | 10% (13) | 10% (10) | 10% (3) | 0.07, 0.95 |
| Alcohol Use Disorder Diagnosis % (n) | 27% (35) | 27% (27) | 26% (8) | 0.16, 0.87 |
| Substance Use Disorder Diagnosis % (n) | 24% (31) | 25% (25) | 19% (6) | 0.67, 0.51 |
* = significant difference between groups; 1 = Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes; 2 = Prodromal Questionnaire; 3 = Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; 4 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.