Figure 3.
Expression of the nine circadian clock genes at different time points in human peripheral blood (PB) of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and individuals without OSA. The nine circadian clock genes are BMAL1 (A), CK1ε (B), CLOCK (C), CRY1 (D), CRY2 (E), PER1 (F), PER2 (G), PER3 (H) and TIM (I). The x-axis indicates the time points that PB samples were collected. The y-axis represents the relative mRNA expression level. The value of the mRNA expression at 6 PM in normal controls (individuals without OSA) is designated 1, and the levels of all other mRNA expressions are calibrated to this value. The p values indicated were evaluated with a Univariate analysis of General Linear Model (GLM) with post hoc Bonferroni comparison under GLM. ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05. The number in the parentheses is the value of partial η2 evaluated with Repeated-measures ANOVA.