| CVD | cardiovascular disease |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft |
| AVR | aortic valve replacement |
| MVR | mitral valve replacement |
| MVP | mitral valve plasty |
| TVP | tricuspid valve plasty |
| TAVI | transcatheter valve implantation procedure |
| TVR | tricuspid valve replacement |
| TAR | total arch replacement |
| EVAR | endovascular aneurysm repair |
| BMI | body mass index |
| NYHA | New York Heart Association |
| TNFα | tumor necrosis factor α |
| GDF-15 | growth differentiation factor-15 |
| IGF-1 | insulin growth factor 1 |
| TGF-β; | transforming growth factor β |
| SMI | skeletal muscle mass index |
| BNP | brain natriuretic peptide |
| eGFR | estimated glomerular filtration rate |
| hsCRP | high-sensitivity C-reactive protein |
| ROC | receiver operating characteristic |
| AUC | area under the curve |
| TMth | thigh muscle thickness |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| HbA1c | hemoglobin A1c |
| MVIC | maximum voluntary isometric contraction |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| ACS | acute coronary syndrome |
| AKI | acute kidney disease |
| BIA | bioelectric impedance analyzer |
| HF | heart failure |
| HT | hypertension |
| HD | hemodialysis |
| CKD | chronic kidney disease |