Table 2.
Characteristics of admissions for exacerbation of COPD from 2001 to 2015 in Spain in according to form of ventilation.
| Type | 2001–2003 | 2004–2006 | 2007–2009 | 2010–2012 | 2013–2015 | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male Sex, n (%) | NV* | 219,352 (84.71) | 233,526 (85.62) | 248,336 (85.46) | 224,806 (84.66) | 213,329 (83.36) | 1,139,349 (84.79) |
| NIV * | 4198 (86.01) | 6611 (85.02) | 10,959 (83.84) | 16,328 (82.51) | 18,656 (80.09) | 56,752 (82.48) | |
| IMV * | 3230 (86.92) | 3235 (86.34) | 2738 (85.14) | 1940 (82.69) | 1543 (81.04) | 12,686 (84.98) | |
| NIV + IMV * | 379 (85.17) | 750 (88.55) | 828 (85.89) | 860 (82.53) | 936 (78.59) | 3753 (83.6) | |
| Age, mean (sd) | NV * | 73.75 (9.82) | 74.43 (9.91) | 74.97 (10.21) | 75.56 (10.4) | 75.63 (10.65) | 74.87 (10.22) |
| NIV * | 69.76 (9.71) | 70.31 (10.2) | 70.98 (10.21) | 72.13 (10.49) | 72.16 (10.6) | 71.55 (10.42) | |
| IMV * | 68.73 (9.47) | 69.44 (9.5) | 69.75 (9.88) | 68.67 (10.2) | 68.69 (10.08) | 69.12 (9.77) | |
| NIV + IMV * | 68.34 (9.16) | 69.37 (9.4) | 68.29 (9.79) | 68.49 (9.75) | 68.07 (10.02) | 68.49 (9.71) | |
| CCI 1, n (%) | NV * | 139,286 (53.79) | 131,316 (48.14) | 128,147 (44.1) | 105,453 (39.71) | 95,592 (37.35) | 599,794 (44.64) |
| CCI 2, n (%) | 69,919 (27) | 76,253 (27.96) | 80,898 (27.84) | 73,505 (27.68) | 69,421 (27.13) | 369,996 (27.54) | |
| CCI ≥3, n (%) | 49,727 (19.2) | 65,190 (23.9) | 81,532 (28.06) | 86,568 (32.6) | 90,899 (35.52) | 373,916 (27.83) | |
| CCI 1, n (%) | NIV * | 2684 (54.99) | 3716 (47.79) | 5660 (43.3) | 7653 (38.67) | 8703 (37.36) | 28,416 (41.3) |
| CCI 2, n (%) | 1331 (27.27) | 2438 (31.35) | 4023 (30.78) | 6117 (30.91) | 6992 (30.02) | 20,901 (30.37) | |
| CCI ≥3, n (%) | 866 (17.74) | 1622 (20.86) | 3389 (25.93) | 6019 (30.42) | 7598 (32.62) | 19,494 (28.33) | |
| CCI 1, n (%) | IMV * | 1844 (49.62) | 1665 (44.44) | 1305 (40.58) | 940 (40.07) | 759 (39.86) | 6513 (43.63) |
| CCI 2, n (%) | 1074 (28.9) | 1103 (29.44) | 923 (28.7) | 653 (27.83) | 514 (27) | 4267 (28.58) | |
| CCI ≥3, n (%) | 798 (21.47) | 979 (26.13) | 988 (30.72) | 753 (32.1) | 631 (33.14) | 4149 (27.79) | |
| CCI 1, n (%) | NIV + IMV * | 202(45.39) | 359 (42.38) | 419 (43.46) | 412 (39.54) | 482 (40.47) | 1874 (41.75) |
| CCI 2, n (%) | 147 (33.03) | 278 (32.82) | 288 (29.88) | 312 (29.94) | 347 (29.14) | 1372 (30.56) | |
| CCI ≥3, n (%) | 96 (21.57) | 210 (24.79) | 257 (26.66) | 318 (30.52) | 362 (30.39) | 1243 (27.69) | |
| Pneumonia n (%) | NV * | 45,902 (17.73) | 51,789 (18.99) | 56,277 (19.37) | 58,429 (22.01) | 62,703 (24.5) | 275,100 (20.47) |
| NIV * | 507 (10.39) | 808 (10.39) | 1272 (9.73) | 2276 (11.5) | 3342 (14.35) | 8205 (11.92) | |
| IMV * | 927 (24.95) | 928 (24.77) | 697 (21.67) | 576 (24.55) | 482 (25.32) | 3610 (24.18) | |
| NIV + IMV * | 90 (20.22) | 153 (18.06) | 170 (17.63) | 216 (20.73) | 281 (23.59) | 910 (20.27) | |
| LOHS, mean (sd) | NV * | 9.4 (8.11) | 9.05 (7.7) | 8.66 (7.66) | 8.08 (7.37) | 7.77 (6.57) | 8.6 (7.53) |
| NIV * | 12.03 (9.7) | 11.52 (8.96) | 11.22 (10.02) | 10.42 (8.71) | 10.07 (8.19) | 10.69 (8.93) | |
| IMV * | 16.67 (13.97) | 16.26 (13.59) | 15.96 (14.52) | 15.07 (12.04) | 14.45 (12.09) | 15.88 (13.5) | |
| NIV + IMV * | 19.94 (14.75) | 19.39 (14.54) | 18.34 (14.37) | 18.87 (14.3) | 17.22 (12.86) | 18.52 (14.06) | |
| IHM, n (%) | NV * | 16,513 (6.38) | 17,756 (6.51) | 18,378 (6.32) | 16,470 (6.2) | 14,883 (5.82) | 84,000 (6.25) |
| NIV | 559 (11.45) | 932 (11.99) | 1579 (12.08) | 2375 (12) | 2895 (12.43) | 8340 (12.12) | |
| IMV | 1227 (33.02) | 1264 (33.73) | 1046 (32.52) | 734 (31.29) | 601 (31.57) | 4872 (32.63) | |
| NIV + IMV * | 137 (30.79) | 218 (25.74) | 286 (29.67) | 287 (27.54) | 288 (24.18) | 1216 (27.09) |
* p-trend < 0.05. NV: no ventilation. NIV: non-invasive ventilation. IMV: invasive ventilation. CCI: Charlson comorbidity index. LOHS: length of hospital stay. IHM: in-hospital mortality.