Table 5.

Experimental evidence of JEV direct transmission between piglets.

Infection Route	Test for Viraemia and Oro-Nasal Fluids	Clinical Signs	Viraemia	Oro-Nasal Shedding	Reference
Contact with infected pigs in vector-free buildings	RT-PCR	Yes	Yes, 3–10 dac ~ 104 U/mL	Yes, 5–10 dac ~101.5 U/mL	[21] 1st experience
Oro-nasal inoculation	RT-PCR	Yes	Yes, 1–9 dpi ~103.5 U/mL	Yes, 3–9 dpi ~103 U/mL	[21] 2nd experience
Intranasal inoculation	/	Yes	/	/	[63]

dpi—day post-infection; dac—day after contact; RT-PCR—reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; /—not investigated.