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. 2019 Oct 13;24(20):3682. doi: 10.3390/molecules24203682

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Time-course effect of the IL-1β and IL-17A combination on the expression of cartilaginous matrix anabolic genes in porcine pellet culture. The pellets were cultured up to 28 days under conditions in which they were stimulated by the combined cytokines (0.25 ng/mL of IL-1β in combination with 0.5 ng/mL of IL-17A). The untreated pellets were left as a control (Ctrl). The mRNA expressions of the pellets were analyzed by real-time qRT-PCR at the indicated times. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of two independent experiments. * = p < 0.05 and ** = p < 0.001.