Table 1.
Comparison of clinical characteristics of patients with NGT or IGT/IFG.
| Characteristic | NGT (n = 13)mean ± SD | IGT/IFG (n = 13)mean ± SD | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 37.1 ± 7.3 | 37.4 ± 6.7 | 0.920 |
| Weight (kg) | 103.3 ± 14.2 | 99.2 ± 9.2 | 0.650 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 37.8 ± 6.9 | 36.2 ± 3.8 | 0.579 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 101.5 ± 12.7 | 107.5 ± 10.7 | 0.223 |
| Glu at 0 minutes, OGTT (mmol/L) | 5.3 ± 0.4 | 6.3 ± 1 | 0.002 |
| Glu at 30 minutes, OGTT (mmol/L) | 7.6 ± 1.4 | 10.7 ± 2.4 | <0.001 |
| Glu at 60 minutes, OGTT (mmol/L) | 7.3 ± 2.1 | 12 ± 4 | <0.001 |
| Glu at 90 minutes, OGTT (mmol/L) | 6.9 ± 1.2 | 11.4 ± 3.8 | <0.001 |
| Glu at 120 minutes, OGTT (mmol/L) | 6.3 ± 1.1 | 10 ± 2.8 | <0.001 |
| Glu at 180 minutes, OGTT (mmol/L) | 4.6 ± 0.7 | 6.1 ± 1.9 | 0.044 |
| Insulin at 0 minutes, OGTT (mU/L) | 12.3 ± 8.3 | 15 ± 7.4 | 0.336 |
| Insulin at 30 minutes, OGTT (mU/L) | 91.8 ± 55.5 | 88.4 ± 59.8 | 0.687 |
| Insulin at 60 minutes, OGTT (mU/L) | 92 ± 70.2 | 114.7 ± 59.6 | 0.204 |
| Insulin at 90 minutes, OGTT (mU/L) | 77.8 ± 59.4 | 109.5 ± 50.7 | 0.016 |
| Insulin at 120 minutes, OGTT (mU/L) | 72.2 ± 51.7 | 110.4 ± 44.9 | 0.016 |
| Insulin at 180 minutes, OGTT (mU/L) | 37.2 ± 49.8 | 54.5 ± 31.5 | 0.022 |
| C-peptide at 0 minutes, OGTT (pmol/L) | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 0.010 |
| C-peptide at 30 minutes, OGTT (pmol/L) | 3.2 ± 1.1 | 3.2 ± 1.2 | 1.000 |
| C-peptide at 60 minutes, OGTT (pmol/L | 3.7 ± 1.3 | 4.4 ± 1.1 | 0.113 |
| C-peptide at 90 minutes, OGTT (pmol/L) | 3.4 ± 1.2 | 4.7 ± 0.9 | 0.001 |
| C-peptide at 120 minutes (pmol/L) | 3.3 ± 1 | 4.6 ± 0.9 | 0.005 |
| C-peptide at 180 minutes (pmol/L) | 1.8 ± 1.3 | 2.9 ± 1.4 | 0.029 |
| GLP-1 at 0 minutes (pM) | 5.2 ± 3.2 | 3.1 ± 1.5 | 0.169 |
| GLP-1 at 120 minutes (pM) | 5.5 ± 2.7 | 3.3 ± 2.1 | 0.014 |
| GIP at 0 minutes (pg/mL) | 80 ± 56.2 | 81.2 ± 25.2 | 0.243 |
| GIP at 120 minutes (pg/mL) | 229.1 ± 88.7 | 257.1 ± 99.9 | 0.614 |
| HOMA-B score | 148.3 ± 111.6 | 115.5 ± 57.2 | 0.687 |
| MBCI | 9.8 ± 4.7 | 7.5 ± 5.2 | 0.153 |
| QUICKI | 0.34 ± 0.04 | 0.32 ± 0.03 | 0.113 |
| OGIS index (mL/min m2) | 387 ± 69.5 | 326.6 ± 59.7 | 0.044 |
| IAI | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.113 |
| HOMA-IR score | 2.8 ± 1.9 | 4.3 ± 2.4 | 0.113 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 0.9 | 4.9 ± 1 | 0.960 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 0.687 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 3 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 0.960 |
| TAG (mmol/L) | 1.5 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 1.4 | 0.336 |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | 26.1 ± 9.6 | 21.7 ± 8.4 | 0.288 |
| Free testosterone (pmol/L) | 5 ± 3.4 | 6.7 ± 2.8 | 0.064 |
| Total testosterone (nmol/L) | 2 ± 1.8 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 0.479 |
| Androstenedione (nmol/L) | 7.1 ± 8.1 | 4.5 ± 2.1 | 0.347 |
| DHEAS (μmol/L) | 6.7 ± 5 | 5.3 ± 2.3 | 0.650 |
| DXA %fat | 44.9 ± 6.8 | 45.8 ± 2.9 | 0.960 |
| VAT mass (g) | 675.3 ± 221.4 | 1013.6 ± 195.1 | 0.001 |
| VAT volume (cm3) | 730.1 ± 239.3 | 1098.3 ± 211.7 | 0.001 |
| VAT area (cm2) | 140.1 ± 45.9 | 210.2 ± 40.4 | 0.001 |
Values were compared using the Mann–Whitney test.
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; BMI, body mass index; Glu, glucose; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; GIP, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide; HOMA-B, homeostasis model assessment for beta-cell function; MBCI, modified beta-cell function index; QUICKI, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; OGIS, oral glucose insulin sensitivity; IAI, insulin action index; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TAG, triacylglycerol; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; DXA, dual energy X-ray absorptiometer; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.