| BGE | Background electrolyte |
| CAD | Charged aerosol detection |
| CE | Capillary electrophoresis |
| CID | Collision introduced dissolution |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| HMBC | 1H-13C heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation spectroscopy |
| HPLC | High-performance liquid chromatography |
| IC50 | Half-maximal inhibitory concentration |
| LC-ESI-MS | Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry |
| NMR | Nuclear magnetic resonance |
| PMP | 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone |
| UV | Ultraviolet |