Table 1.
HFMD and aseptic meningitis (AM) cases detected per year and the causative agents.
| Disease | Virus * | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HFMD | 46530 | 301071 | 83219 | 379368 | 68834 | 355686 | 122041 | |
| EV-A71 | 46% | 82% | 43% | 0% | 22% | 64% | 65% | |
| CV-A16 | 54% | 18% | 57% | 100% | 78% | 36% | 35% | |
| AM | 453 | 1058 | 854 | 1035 | 1332 | 928 | 760 | |
| Enterovirus A | 15% | 11% | 0% | 17% | 0% | 19% | 12% | |
| CV-4 | 1% | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| CV-6 | - | 2% | - | - | - | 5% | - | |
| CV-9 | 12% | - | - | 17% | - | 4% | 4% | |
| EV-A71 | 2% | 9% | - | - | - | 10% | 7% | |
| Enterovirus B | 66% | 81% | 92% | 71% | 91% | 52% | 65% | |
| CV-B1 | - | 3% | - | - | 3% | - | - | |
| CV-B2 | - | - | 7% | 3% | 2% | 10% | 3% | |
| CV-B3 | - | 13% | 5% | 4% | 8% | - | - | |
| CV-B4 | 2% | 2% | 4% | - | - | 2% | 12% | |
| CV-B5 | 13% | 9% | 12% | 9% | 41% | - | 9% | |
| Echovirus 11 | - | - | 29% | - | - | - | 25% | |
| Echovirus 16 | - | - | - | 4% | - | - | - | |
| Echovirus 18 | 1% | 6% | 9% | 33% | 4% | - | 8% | |
| Echovirus 3 | - | - | 7% | 3% | 2% | 6% | - | |
| Echovirus 30 | - | 22% | 15% | 5% | 6% | - | - | |
| Echovirus 6 | 25% | 26% | 3% | - | 20% | 20% | 4% | |
| Echovirus 7 | 14% | - | - | - | - | 3% | 3% | |
| Echovirus 9 | 11% | - | - | 10% | 4% | 10% | - | |
| Mumps virus + | 19% | 7% | 8% | 12% | 9% | 30% | 23% |
* Percentages of cases per type are calculated based on sampled cases by the NESID. + The paramyxovirus mumps is also a causative agent of aseptic meningitis in Japan and is included in this table for comparison with the number of cases attributable to EV types.