Table 1.
Sample characteristics.
| Characteristics | n (%) (N=18) | Mean (standard deviation) | |
| Age, in years |
|
|
|
|
|
≥65 | 12 (66.7) | 53.06 (4.02) |
| Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
Female | 10 (55.6) |
|
| Living status |
|
|
|
|
|
Never married | 4 (22.2) |
|
|
|
Married | 7 (38.9) |
|
|
|
Widowed, separated | 7 (38.9) |
|
| Race |
|
|
|
|
|
White | 9 (50) |
|
|
|
African American | 6 (33.3) |
|
|
|
Hispanic | 3 (17) |
|
| Education |
|
|
|
|
|
More than 1 or more college | 11 (61.1) |
|
|
|
High school | 6 (33.3) |
|
|
|
Less than high school | 1 (5.6) |
|
| Ejection fraction |
|
28.09 (14.61) | |
| Etiology of HFa |
|
|
|
|
|
Nonischemic | 16 (88.9) |
|
| NYHAb class |
|
|
|
|
|
Class I | 1 (5.6) |
|
|
|
Class II | 11 (61.1) |
|
|
|
Class III | 6 (33.3) |
|
| HF stage |
|
|
|
|
|
Stage B | 6 (33.3) |
|
|
|
Stage C | 12 (66.7) |
|
| Body mass index |
|
36.55 (13.12) | |
| Cognitive score at baseline (MoCAc score) |
|
26.33 (2.40) | |
| Social support at baseline (FSSQd score) |
|
34.94 (6.63) | |
| Illness burden (MCIRe score) |
|
22.72 (4.16) | |
| Owned a mobile phone | 18 (100) |
|
|
| Type of phone |
|
|
|
|
|
Apple iPhone | 1 (5.6) |
|
|
|
Android | 11 (61.1) |
|
|
|
Analog | 6 (33.3) |
|
| Use of mobile phones |
|
|
|
|
|
Very well | 7 (38.9) |
|
|
|
Moderately well | 11 (61.1) |
|
| Mobile phone use |
|
|
|
|
|
Texting | 18 (100) |
|
|
|
Health information | 11 (61.1) |
|
aHF: heart failure.
bNYHA: New York Heart Association.
cMoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment.
dFSSQ: Functional Social Support Questionnaire.
eMCIR: Modified Cumulative Illness Rating.