Table 1.

Summary of the properties of omega-3 fatty acids and their mediators on the different cells of the immune system including main references.

Cell Type	Effect	References
Macrophages	↓ cytokines	Cytokine production and secretion [29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,39,40,41,42] Signaling [28,38,44,45,46,47]
	↑ polarization towards M2 phenotype	[29,30,49] Stroke [50] Atopic dermatitis [51]
	↑ phagocytosis	Zymosan [29] R.equi, P.aeruginosa [52] E.coli [53] Apoptotic cells [29]
Neutrophils	↑ production of pro-resolving mediators	[61,62]
	↓ migration	[63,64,65,66,67,68,71]
	↑ phagocytosis	Particles [72] C. albicans [4] E.coli [73,74] Zymosan [70]
	↔ ROS production	Rat [4] Goat [73] Human [70,74]
	↑ frequency	[72,75,76]
Eosinophils	↓ infiltration	Airway inflammation [155] Skin [141,156] Allergy [154,157]
Basophils	↓ activation	[149,150,152]
Dendritic cells	↓ antigen presentation	[88,129,130,131,133,134]
NK cells	↔ activation	[137,138,139]
Mast cells	↓ activation	[141,142,143,144,145,146]
T cells	↓ activation	General effects [87,88,89,90,91,92] CD4+ T cells [95,97,98,99] Th17 T cells [92,95,97,104,105,106]
	↑ Treg differentiation	[19,87,107,108,109,110]
B cells	↔ activation	Human [121,122,125,126] Mouse [14,123,124]
	↑ IgM production	[114,117,121,122]

↓ indicates a decrease, ↑ indicates an increase, ↔ indicates contradictive evidence.