Table 1.

Demographic Characteristics, ENDS Characteristics, and Cessation Attempts by Use Profile, 2016–2017

Characteristic	Dual Users	ENDS Rejecters	Switchers	Quitters
	N = 598	N = 891	N = 112	N = 213
	% (95% CI)	% (95% CI)	% (95% CI)	% (95% CI)
Sex
Male	50.7 (45.4, 56.1)	44.6 (40.3, 48.9)	50.0 (39.4, 60.6)	44.6 (36.8, 52.3)
Female	49.3 (43.9, 54.6)	55.4 (51.1, 59.7)	50.0 (39.4, 60.6)	55.4 (47.7, 63.2)
Age**
18–24	12.4 (8.4, 16.3)	5.1 (2.7, 7.5)	7.1 (2.6, 11.6)	7.7 (2.7, 12.7)
25–34	36.7 (31.3, 42.1)	27.6 (23.5, 31.8)	30.8 (20.6, 41.0)	34.0 (26.5, 41.5)
35–44	19.7 (15.5, 24.0)	20.1 (16.6, 23.7)	21.2 (12.1, 30.3)	20.8 (14.1, 27.6)
45–54	14.7 (11.5, 17.9)	19.4 (16.2, 22.6)	14.3 (7.1, 21.5)	13.3 (8.6, 18.1)
55–64	12.4 (9.2, 15.6)	19.0 (16.1, 21.9)	14.4 (7.4, 21.4)	16.0 (10.8, 21.2)
65+	4.1 (2.6, 5.6)	8.7 (6.7, 10.7)	12.2 (5.7, 18.6)	8.1 (4.4, 11.9)
Race/Ethnicity**
White, NH	58.5 (53.0, 64.0)	67.2 (62.8, 71.5)	75.7 (65.9, 85.5)	73.5 (66.2, 80.9)
Black, NH	11.7 (8.2, 15.2)	14.3 (10.9, 17.7)	5.3 (0.2, 10.3)	8.3 (4.0, 12.6)
Other, NH	10.9 (6.9, 14.9)	5.7 (3.4, 8.0)	4.8 (0.5, 9.0)	7.2 (2.5, 11.9)
Hispanic	18.9 (14.3, 23.4)	12.8 (9.6, 16.0)	14.3 (5.7, 22.8)	11.0 (5.5, 16.4)
Education***
<High School	22.1 (16.8, 27.4)	21.6 (17.4, 25.8)	8.5 (1.1, 15.9)	5.7 (1.0, 10.4)
High School	32.5 (27.6, 37.5)	38.7 (34.5, 42.9)	38.7 (28.1, 49.3)	37.5 (29.7, 45.3)
Some College	28.5 (24.1, 32.9)	29.5 (25.9, 33.0)	35.7 (26.1, 45.3)	33.1 (26.1, 40.1)
College Degree+	16.9 (13.0, 20.8)	10.3 (8.3, 12.3)	17.1 (9.5, 24.7)	23.7 (17.3, 30.2)
Income***
<$25K	29.5 (24.7, 34.2)	30.5 (26.6, 34.4)	5.7 (1.8, 9.7)	14.7 (10.0, 19.3)
$25K–$49.99K	25.0 (20.4, 29.6)	24.6 (21.0, 28.2)	30.5 (20.8, 40.2)	25.0 (18.1, 31.8)
$50K–$74.99K	19.8 (15.3, 24.2)	19.2 (16.0, 22.5)	23.3 (14.1, 32.5)	16.8 (11.4, 22.1)
$75K–$99.99K	7.4 (4.8, 10.0)	7.9 (5.8, 10.0)	13.6 (6.6, 20.6)	14.0 (8.6, 19.5)
$100K+	18.3 (13.8, 22.8)	17.8 (14.1, 21.4)	26.8 (17.1, 36.5)	29.6 (21.9, 37.3)
Currently Use ENDS Daily***
Yes	15.3 (11.5, 19.0)		67.1 (57.2, 77.0)
No	84.7 (81.0, 88.5)		32.9 (23.0, 42.8)
Ever Used ENDS Fairly Regularly***
Yes	55.4 (50.0, 60.7)	22.9 (19.2, 26.5)	85.0 (78.2, 91.8)	30.1 (23.0, 37.1)
No	44.6 (39.3, 50.0)	77.1 (73.5, 80.8)	15.0 (8.2, 21.8)	69.9 (62.9, 77.0)
Use(d) Nicotinea*	N = 473	N = 192	N = 105	N = 67
Yes	84.8 (80.2, 89.3)	87.9 (81.5, 94.3)	74.0 (64.6, 83.5)	92.8 (85.1, 100.0)
No	15.2 (10.7, 19.8)	12.1 (5.7, 18.5)	26.0 (16.5, 35.4)	7.2 (0.0, 14.9)
Past Year Cigarette Quit Attempt***	N = 449	N = 674
Yes	71.6 (66.5, 76.8)	50.9 (46.0, 55.7)
No	28.4 (23.2, 33.5)	49.1 (44.3, 54.0)
Past Year ENDS Quit Attempt***	N = 591		N = 112
Yes	28.4 (23.3, 33.5)		9.3 (3.5, 15.1)
No	71.6 (66.5, 76.7)		90.7 (84.9, 96.5)

Note.

ENDS, electronic nicotine delivery systems; CI, confidence interval; NH, non-Hispanic; K, 1000.

^aUse of e-liquid containing nicotine was only assessed among current ENDS users and those who indicated that they had ever used ENDS fairly regularly.

^*p < .05,

^**p < .01,

^***p < .001 according to Rao-Scott χ². Boldface indicates statistical significance at the p < .05 level. Weighted row % are reported.