Table 8.

Mean changes in child and adult heart rate variability and breathing rate from pre-treatment to post-treatment

		Pre	Post	Change
		M (SD)	M (SD)	Md (SDd) [95% CI]	dz	t	p
Adults N = 39	%VLF	18.4 (8)	11.1 (8.3)	−7.3 (12.9) [−11.5, −3.1]	−0.57	3.55	0.0010*
	%LF	40.5 (12.2)	70.3 (19.9)	29.8 (22.6) [22.5, 37.1]	1.32	−8.23	< .0001*
	%HF	33.9 (11.2)	15.7 (12.6)	−18.2 (14.4) [−22.9, −13.6]	−1.27	7.93	< .0001*
	BPM	13.2 (2.5)	6.5 (1.3)	−6.7 (2.5) [−7.6, −5.9]	−2.67	16.65	< .0001*
Children N = 100	%VLF	14.3 (6.1)	9.6 (7.6)	−4.7 (10.2) [−6.8, −2.7]	−0.46	4.64	< .0001*
	%LF	34.4 (9.6)	53.2 (21.7)	18.8 (21) [14.6, 23]	0.89	−8.94	< .0001*
	%HF	43.8 (9.4)	32 (15.9)	−11.8 (16.4) [−15.1, −8.6]	−0.72	7.22	< .0001*
	BPM	13.9 (1.6)	9.3 (2.7)	−4.7 (3.2) [−5.3, −4.1]	−1.47	14.74	< .0001*

M_d mean of differences; SD_d standard deviation of differences; d_z Cohen’s d for effect size of paired differences; t test statistic; p p-value for 2-sided paired t-test on differences; BPM breaths per minute

*Bonferroni-corrected significant change (${\alpha }_B$ = 0.0125)