TABLE 1.
Demographics, sex hormones, stress makers and semen parameters among smoker and non-smokers.
| Demographics/sex hormones/stress markers/semen parameters | Smokers (n = 272) | Non-smokers (n = 104) | p-value |
| Demographics | |||
| Age (Years) Mean ± SE | 35.09 ± 0.37 | 35.67 ± 0.63 | 0.42 |
| Range | 33 | 37 | |
| BMI (Kg/m2) (Mean ± SE) | 26.01 ± 0.22 | 26.14 ± 0.30 | 0.74 |
| Range | 19.03 | 14.47 | |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 0.59 | ||
| Normal weight 18–22.9 | 60 (22.10%) | 18 (17.30%) | |
| Over weight 23–24.9 | 44 (16.25%) | 18 (17.30%) | |
| Obese ≥25 | 168 (61.80%) | 68 (65.40%) | |
| Body fat (%) (Mean ± SE) | 33.88 ± 0.28 | 34.17 ± 0.39 | 0.57 |
| Body fat (%) | 0.51 | ||
| Normal weight (12–22) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (1.50%) | |
| Over weight (22.1–27) | 7 (6.70%) | 14 (5.10%) | |
| Obese (>27) | 97 (93.30%) | 254 (93.45) | |
| Hormones | |||
| FSH (in mIU/ml) Mean ± SE | 9.48 ± 0.08 | 9.55 ± 0.13 | 0.67 |
| Range | 7.70 | 6.24 | |
| LH (in mIU/ml)Mean ± SE | 9.92 ± 0.22 | 9.26 ± 0.35 | 0.12 |
| Range | 15.9 | 4.08 | |
| Testosterone (in ng/ml), Mean ± SE | 4.31 ± 0.11 | 4.78 ± 0.16 | 0.02∗ |
| Range | 8.88 | 8.33 | |
| SHBG Median (in nmol/L) (IQR) | 18.95 (15.04–28.82) | 22.53 (16.49–30.71) | 0.03∗∗ |
| Stress markers | |||
| Cortisol (in ug/ml) Median (IQR) | 139.21(109.22–181.69) | 123.74(81.17–209.04) | 0.15 |
| Adrenaline(in ng/L) Median (IQR) | 24.78 (14.40 - 41.42) | 47.05 (22.53–60.92) | <0.001∗∗ |
| Semen parameters | |||
| Total count (ml) Mean ± SE | 77.34 ± 3.420 | 86.07 ± 5.24 | 0.17 |
| Motility (%) Median (IQR) | 65.00 (42.75–75.00) | 70.00 (45.00- 75.00) | 0.17 |
| Morphology (%) Mean ± SE | 4.75 ± 0.23 | 5.65 ± 0.42 | 0.05 |
∗Significant at p-value < 0.05 by using independent t-test. ∗∗Significant at p-value < 0.05 by using Mann Whitney U test.