Fig. 6. A schematic diagram showing the involvement of macrophages in intermittent hypoxia (IH)-regulated adipogenic differentiation in subcutaneous stromal-vascular fraction. IH induced M1 macrophage polarization in subcutaneous adipose tissue and promoted the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and chemoattractants, leading to the inhibition of adipogenic differentiation and hypertrophy of adipocytes. TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-6, interleukin-6; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.