Table 1. Baseline characteristics of study participants.
| Characteristic | Total (n=22) | Metformin→Dapagliflozin (n=12) | Dapagliflozin→Metformin (n=10) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 58.0 (41.0–65.8) | 58.0 (40.5–62.8) | 55.5 (47.0–70.5) | 0.539 |
| Male sex | 10 (45.5) | 5 (41.7) | 5 (50.0) | 1.000 |
| Weight, kg | 69.5 (63.1–75.3) | 68.2 (62.3–88.3) | 69.5 (60.7–74.6) | 0.628 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.3 (24.4–28.8) | 26.9 (22.7–28.9) | 25.7 (24.7–28.3) | 0.539 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 86.6 (81.4–89.0) | 85.8 (79.5–89.0) | 87.4 (81.4–91.5) | 0.579 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 120.5 (115.5–131.0) | 122.0 (118.3–130.3) | 119.5 (111.0–131.3) | 0.346 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 78.0 (70.8–86.0) | 80.0 (72.5–84.8) | 72.5 (69.2–86.5) | 0.497 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 158.0 (131.8–164.8) | 161.0 (134.0–165.3) | 154.5 (121.3–178.8) | 0.771 |
| Postprandial glucose, mg/dL | 206.0 (156.0–249.0) | 206.0 (158.0–267.8) | 208.5 (156.0–225.0) | 0.771 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.9 (7.2–8.5) | 7.9 (7.3–8.4) | 7.9 (7.2–8.9) | 1.000 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.77 (0.61–0.95) | 0.75 (0.60–0.89) | 0.94 (0.71–1.15) | 0.017a |
| GFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 101.3 (70.8–124.5) | 105.8 (97.0–126.3) | 72.5 (66.7–105.2) | 0.015a |
| Dyslipidemia | 13 (61.9) | 6 (54.5) | 7 (70.0) | 0.659 |
| Statin | 12 (57.1) | 6 (54.5) | 6 (60.0) | 1.000 |
| Hypertension | 5 (23.8) | 2 (18.2) | 3 (30.0) | 0.450 |
| ACEi/ARB | 4 (18.2) | 3 (25.0) | 1 (10.0) | 0.614 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 1 (4.8) | 1 (8.3) | 0 | 1.000 |
| Thiazide | 1 (4.8) | 1 (8.3) | 0 | 1.000 |
Values are presented as median (interquartile range) or number (%).
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; ACEi/ARB, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker.
aFor P<0.05 between two groups using nonparametric test (Mann-Whitney).