Table 2.
Demographics and Injury Characteristics
| Variable | All (N=512) |
Severity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None (N=129) |
Mild (N=225) |
Moderate (N=87) |
Severe (N=71) |
P [P*] |
||
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (years, SD) [Range] | 44.1 (±19.8) [8.0 – 94.0] |
48.1 (±20.2) [8 – 93] |
43.1 (±19.1) [14.3 – 91.2] |
40.8 (±17.6) [17.2 – 85.1] |
44.1 (±22.6) [9.5 – 94] |
0.042 [1.0] |
| Sex (Males, %) | 378 (74%) | 90 (70%) | 166 (74%) | 67 (77%) | 55 (77%) | 0.56 [0.45] |
| Race (%)* | 0.10 [0.24] |
|||||
| White | 242 (48%) | 71 (57%) | 97 (44%) | 36 (42%) | 38 (54%) | |
| Black | 127 (25%) | 24 (19%) | 64 (29%) | 27 (31%) | 12 (17%) | |
| Other (including Hispanics) | 133 (26%) | 30 (24%) | 60 (27%) | 23 (27%) | (20 (29%) | |
| Injury Characteristics | ||||||
| Mechanism of Injury (%) | 0.008 [0.039] |
|||||
| Assault | 201 (39%) | 40 (31%) | 99 (44%) | 38 (44%) | 24 (34%) | |
| Fall | 129 (25%) | 47 (36%) | 52 (23%) | 18 (21%) | 12 (17%) | |
| Motor Vehicle Collision | 106 (21%) | 23 (18%) | 43 (19%) | 23 (26%) | 17 (24%) | |
| Sports-related | 13 (3%) | 3 (2%) | 3 (1%) | 3 (3%) | 4 (6%) | |
| Others | 63 (12%) | 16 (12%) | 28 (12%) | 5 (6%) | 14 (20%) | |
| Injury to Presentation in ED (days, SD) [Range] | 0.5 (±0.7) [0 – 3] |
0.3 (±0.5) [0 – 3] |
0.4 (±0.6) [0 – 3] |
0.8 (±0.9) [0 – 3] |
1.2 (±0.7) [0 – 3] |
0.79 [0.94] |
| Fracture Location | ||||||
| Floor (%) | 0.17 [0.19] |
|||||
| Bilateral | 25 (5%) | 7 (5%) | 15 (7%) | 2 (2%) | 1 (1%) | |
| Left | 198 (39%) | 53 (41%) | 91 (40%) | 29 (33%) | 25 935%) | |
| Right | 155 (30%) | 31 (24%) | 62 (28%) | 34 (39%) | 28 (39%) | |
| Medial Wall (%) | 0.18 [0.92] |
|||||
| Bilateral | 21 (4%) | 5 (4%) | 10 (4%) | 3 (3%) | 3 (4%) | |
| Left | 108 (21%) | 24 (19%) | 45 (20%) | 23 (26%) | 16 (23%) | |
| Right | 97 (19%) | 21 (16%) | 36 (16%) | 25 (29%) | 15 (21%) | |
| Lateral Wall (%) | 0.25 [0.72] |
|||||
| Bilateral | 5 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Left | 40 (8%) | 9 (7%) | 20 (9%) | 4 (5%) | 7 (10%) | |
| Right | 40 (8%) | 6 (5%) | 20 (9%) | 8 (9%) | 6 (8%) | |
| Roof (%) | 0.70 [0.97] |
|||||
| Bilateral | 10 (2%) | 4 (3%) | 5 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | |
| Left | 26 (5%) | 9 (7%) | 11 (5%) | 3 (3%) | 3 (4%) | |
| Right | 28 (5%) | 4 (3%) | 15 (7%) | 5 (6%) | 4 (6%) | |
*
Missing10 data points
[P*]: Compare between severe and non-severe patients (including none, mild and moderate ocular injury
SD=standard deviation; ED=emergency department