Table 2.
Pharmacokinetic parameters of five drugs (PO dosing) after the administration of a single oral dose of ABO in rats 1.
| Drugs | Dose (mg/kg) | AUC (0-t) 2 (μg/mL×h) | Tmax 3 (h) | Cmax 4 (μg/mL) | t1/25 (h) | F% 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Theophylline (CYP1A2) | ||||||
| Control group | 10 | 52.9 ± 15.9 | 2.8 ± 1.3 | 4.8 ± 0.7 | 5.6 ± 1.5 | 86.0 ± 15.9 |
| ABO group | 73.9 ± 17.2 * | 2.0 ± 0.0 | 7.1 ± 0.9 * | 6.5 ± 1.9 | 124.8 ± 14.7 * | |
| Diclofenac (CYP2C) | ||||||
| Control group | 20 | 22.2 ± 7.9 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 4.7 ± 2.2 | 4.1 ± 1.6 | 29.2 ± 8.1 |
| ABO group | 27.1 ± 8.5 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 6.7 ± 3.0 | 2.5 ± 0.8 | 40.5 ± 12.1 | |
| Dextromethorphan (CYP2D) | ||||||
| Control group | 25 | 0.40 ± 0.15 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 0.13 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 10.0 ± 2.8 |
| ABO group | 0.78 ± 0.23 * | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 0.22 ± 0.2 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 18.6 ± 6.8 * | |
| Chlorzoxazone (CYP2E1) | ||||||
| Control group | 5 | 12.6 ± 2.7 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 4.1 ± 1.9 | 76.2 ± 11.5 |
| ABO group | 13.0 ± 2.3 | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 3.8 ± 0.9 * | 2.7 ± 1.1 | 78.1 ± 11.3 | |
| Diltiazem (CYP3A) | ||||||
| Control group | 40 | 0.24 ± 0.04 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 0.073 ± 0.028 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 0.1 |
| ABO group | 0.45 ± 0.22 # | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 0.131 ± 0.045 * | 2.0 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 1.0 |
1 Drug cocktail was administered intravenously at a dose of 5–40 mg/kg BW to rats 1 h after the administration of control oil (soybean oil; 2.5 mL/kg BW) or ABO (2.5 mL/kg BW). Pharmacokinetic parameters were expressed as the mean ± SD of six rats in each group. 2 AUC: area under the plasma drug concentration curve. t = 12 h. 3 Tmax: the time at which maximum concentration is observed. 4 Cmax: values of maximal observed concentration. 5 t1/2: half-life, the time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease by half. 6 F% = (AUCPO(0−12h)/PO dose) ×100/(AUCIV(0−12h)/IV dose). Oral bioavailability of the theophylline calculated by a computer fitting method was approximately or greater than 100%, suggesting that the theophylline was completely absorbed [30]. * Significantly different from the control group, p < 0.05. # Significantly different from the control group, p < 0.1.