CNT	carbon nanotube
HA	hydroxyapatite
ECM	extracellular matrix
ALP	alkaline phosphatase
TCP	tricalcium phosphate
β-TCP	Beta-tricalcium phosphate
CPC	calcium phosphate cement
BMP	bone morphogenetic protein
rhBMP-2	recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2
rhBMP-9	recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-9
ASC	human adipose-derived stem cell
MSC	mesenchymal stem cell
BMSC	bone marrow stem cell
BSA	bovine serum albumin
PCL	polycaprolactone
PMMA	polymethyl methacrylate
PLGA	poly(lactide-co-glycolide)
PLA	polylactic acid
PLLA	poly-L-lactic acid
PVA	polyvinyl alcohol
PGA	poly glycolic acid
PEEK	poly(etheretherketone)
PPF	polyanhydrides poly(propylene fumarate)
DEX	dexamethasone
Zol	zoledronic acid
MG132	Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-al
CP3	pro-apoptotic protein caspase-3