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Potential mechanisms underlying the protective effects of omega-3 PUFAs EPA and DHA against vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Abbreviations: 18-HEPE, 18-monohydroxy EPA; ADP, adenosine diphosphate; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; IL-6, interleukin-6; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LTB4, leukotriene B4; RvE1, resolvin E1; RvD1, resolvin D1; SPMs, specialized pro-resolving mediators; TXA2, thromboxane A2; VSMCs, vascular smooth muscle cells.
