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. 2019 Oct 16;11(10):2480. doi: 10.3390/nu11102480

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Potential mechanisms of how dietary betaine prevents obesity. PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α; ACOX 1/2, acyl-CoA oxidase 1/2; SREBP-1c, element-binding protein-1c; ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; FAS, fatty acid synthase; ME, malic enzyme; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; WAT, white adipose tissue; Hcy, homocysteine; DMG, dimethylglycine; Met, methionine; GH, growth hormone; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; HTL, homocysteine thiolactone.