Table 3.
Combined population attributable fractions for foods with established food recommendations presented by age, sex, and chronic disease.
| Females | Males | Foods Included in Calculations | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤14 years | 15–34 years | 35–54 years | 55–64 years | 65–74 years | 75+ years | ≤14 years | 15–34 years | 35–54 years | 55–64 years | 65–74 years | 75+ years | ||
| Cancer | |||||||||||||
| Mouth | 2.3 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 2.4 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | F |
| Larynx | 2.3 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 2.4 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | F |
| Thyroid | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | SSB |
| Trachea, Lung, and Bronchus | 4.2 | 10.1 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 4.3 | 10.6 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.9 | F |
| Esophagus | 8.5 | 19.3 | 18.3 | 17.5 | 17.8 | 17.9 | 8.9 | 20.5 | 19.3 | 18.5 | 18.6 | 18.7 | F, SSB |
| Liver | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | SSB |
| Pancreas | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | SSB |
| Colorectal | 15.4 | 18.5 | 19.4 | 19.8 | 19.0 | 18.5 | 16.9 | 23.5 | 23.9 | 24.9 | 23.2 | 22.6 | M, RM, PM, SSB |
| Kidney | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | SSB |
| Leukemia | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | SSB |
| Post-Menopausal Breast | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | SSB | |||||||||
| Ovary | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | SSB | ||||||
| Uterus | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.3 | SSB | ||||||
| Cardiovascular Diseases | |||||||||||||
| Ischemic Heart Disease | 86.2 | 86.8 | 64.1 | 54.1 | 47.2 | 41.7 | 88.3 | 93.0 | 73.9 | 60.5 | 53.1 | 46.6 | F, V, WG, NS, PM, SSB |
| Ischemic Stroke | 76.4 | 89.9 | 61.9 | 47.3 | 34.0 | 14.5 | 76.5 | 94.4 | 70.5 | 50.5 | 36.2 | 15.5 | F, V, WG, SSB |
| Hemorrhagic Stroke | 62.9 | 79.5 | 56.4 | 46.8 | 37.0 | 17.1 | 63.2 | 86.3 | 64.8 | 49.9 | 39.3 | 18.3 | F, V, WG, SSB |
| Diabetes | 64.1 | 70.4 | 54.8 | 45.9 | 37.3 | 23.6 | 71.5 | 83.2 | 68.4 | 57.9 | 47.5 | 30.6 | F, WG, NS, RM, PM, SSB |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.3 | SSB |
F = fruit; V = vegetables; M = milk; WG = whole grains; NS = nuts and seeds; RM = red meat; PM = processed meat; SSB = sugar-sweetened beverages.