Table 2.
Liposomal formulations approved for clinical use.
| Product (Approval Year) | Drug | Lipid Composition | Route | Indication |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abelcet® (1995) | Amphotericin B | DMPC:DMPG | i.v. | Systemic severe fungal infections |
| Ambisome® (1997) | Amphotericin B | HSPC:DSPG:Chol | i.v. | Presumed fungal infection, Cryptococcal meningitis in HIV patients, visceral leishmaniasis |
| Amphotec® (1996) | Amphotericin B | Cholesteryl sulfate | i.v. | Invasive aspergillosis |
| DaunoXome® (1996) | Daunorubicin | DSPC:Chol | i.v. | AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma |
| Depocyt® (1999) | Cytarabine | DOPC:DPPG:Chol:Triolein | intrathecal | Lymphomatous meningitis |
| DepoDurTM (2004) | Morphine sulfate | DOPC:Chol:DPPG:tricaprylin, triolein | epidural | Pain management |
| Doxil®/Caelyx® (1995/1996) | Doxorubicin | HSPC:Chol:DSPE-PEG-2000 | i.v. | Ovarian and breast cancer, multiple myeloma, AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma |
| Epaxal® (1993) | Inactivated hepatitis A virus (strain RG-SB) | DOPC:DOPE | i.m. | Hepatitis A |
| Exparel® (2011) | Bupivacaine | DEPC:DPPG:Chol:tricaprylin | i.v. | Pain management |
| Marqibo® (2012) | Vincristine | Sphingomyelin:Chol | i.v. | Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia |
| Mepact® (2004) | Mifamurtide | DOPS:POPC | i.v. | High-grade, resectable, non-metastatic osteosarcoma |
| Myocet® (2000) | Doxorubicin | PC:Chol | i.v. | Metastatic breast cancer |
| Onivyde™ (2015) | Irinotecan | DSPC:Chol, DSPE-PEG-2000 | i.v. | Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas |
| OnpattroTM (2018) | Transthyretin-directed small interfering RNA | DSPC:Chol:DLin-MC3-DMA:DMPG-PEG-2000 | i.v. | Polyneuropathy of hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis |
| Visudyne® (2000) | Verteporfin | PG:DMPC | i.v. | Subfoveal choroidal neovascularization |
| VixeosTM (2017) | Daunorubicin and cytarabine | DSPC:DSPG:Chol | i.v. | Acute myeloid leukemia |
PC: phosphatidyl choline; PG: phosphatidyl glycerol; DMPC: dimyristoyl phosphatidyl choline; DMPG: dimyristoyl phosphatidyl glycerol; DSPC: distearoyl phosphatidyl choline; DEPC: dierucoyl phosphatidyl choline; DOPC: dioleoyl phosphatidyl choline; DSPG: distearoyl phosphatidyl glycerol; HSPC: hydrogenated soy phosphatidyl choline; DOPE: dioleoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine; DOPS: dioleoyl phosphatidyl serine; DPPG: dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl glycerol; POPC: palmitoyl oleoyl phosphatidyl choline; Chol: cholesterol; DSPE-PEG-2000: distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine covalently linked to polyethylene glycol-2000; DMPG-PEG-2000: dimyristoyl phosphatidyl glycerol covalently linked to polyethylene glycol-2000; DLin-MC3-DMA: (6Z,9Z,28Z,31Z)-heptatriaconta-6,9,28,31-tetraen-19-yl-4-(dimethylamino) butanoate; i.v.: intravenous; i.m.: intramuscular; RNA: ribonucleic acid; AIDS: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.