Table 5.
Effect of isocaloric replacement of 100% fruit juice with whole fruit equivalents on usual intakes of nutrients and population adequacy for adult (19+ years of age, n = 10,112)—NHANES 2013–2016 *.
| Baseline, No Replacement | After Replacement |
P Value (z stat) 1 |
Baseline No Replacement |
After Replacement |
P Value (z stat) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrients with EAR | Usual Intakes | % Adults Below EAR | ||||
| Calcium (mg) | 958 ± 9 | 950 ± 9 | 0.4985 | 44.5 ± 1.0 | 45.2 ± 1.0 | 0.6273 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 249 ± 1 | 249 ± 1 | 0.8444 | 1.17 ± 0.17 | 1.15 ± 0.17 | 0.9556 |
| Folate, DFE (µg) | 523 ± 5 | 526 ± 5 | 0.6513 | 14.6 ± 0.9 | 14.1 ± 0.9 | 0.7338 |
| Iron (mg) | 14.3 ± 0.1 | 14.4 ± 0.1 | 0.9657 | 5.99 ± 0.32 | 6.05 ± 0.35 | 0.9093 |
| Magnesium (mg) | 305 ± 3 | 305 ± 3 | 0.8929 | 53.5 ± 1.1 | 53.6 ± 1.1 | 0.919 |
| Niacin (mg) | 26.3 ± 0.2 | 26.3 ± 0.2 | 0.9296 | 1.63 ± 0.22 | 1.63 ± 0.21 | 0.9969 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 1393 ± 10 | 1390 ± 10 | 0.8442 | 0.74 ± 0.14 | 0.76 ± 0.15 | 0.9214 |
| Protein (g) | 83.1 ± 0.6 | 83.2 ± 0.6 | 0.8694 | 1.97 ± 0.27 | 1.97 ± 0.26 | 0.9987 |
| Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) (mg) | 2.17 ± 0.02 | 2.18 ± 0.02 | 0.8926 | 3.23 ± 0.3 | 3.17 ± 0.29 | 0.8786 |
| Thiamin (Vitamin B1) (mg) | 1.61 ± 0.01 | 1.62 ± 0.01 | 0.3465 | 7.78 ± 0.7 | 7.45 ± 0.7 | 0.7411 |
| Vitamin A, RAE (µg) | 633 ± 8 | 638 ± 8 | 0.6554 | 45.7 ± 1.1 | 44.9 ± 1.2 | 0.6217 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) | 2.16 ± 0.02 | 2.16 ± 0.02 | 0.9752 | 11.7 ± 0.7 | 11.6 ± 0.7 | 0.9284 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 79.4 ± 1.4 | 83.3 ± 1.5 | 0.0599 | 48.0 ± 1.4 | 46.3 ± 1.4 | 0.3767 |
| Vitamin D (D2 + D3) (µg) | 4.68 ± 0.08 | 4.59 ± 0.08 | 0.4371 | 94.9 ± 0.6 | 95.3 ± 0.5 | 0.5733 |
| Vitamin E as alpha-tocopherol (mg) | 9.25 ± 0.13 | 9.33 ± 0.13 | 0.6416 | 79.0 ± 1.2 | 78.4 ± 1.2 | 0.729 |
| Nutrients with AI | Usual Intakes | % Adults Above AI | ||||
| Dietary fiber (g) | 17.1 ± 0.2 | 18.2 ± 0.2 | 0.0008 | 7.93 ± 0.67 | 10.5 ± 0.8 | 0.0102 |
| Potassium (mg) | 2644 ± 21 | 2650 ± 21 | 0.8212 | 1.73 ± 0.21 | 1.77 ± 0.21 | 0.8887 |
| Sodium (mg) | 3539 ± 24 | 3534 ± 24 | 0.9024 | 99.5 ± 0.1 | 99.5 ± 0.1 | 0.987 |
| Total choline (mg) | 339 ± 2 | 340 ± 3 | 0.6914 | 8.42 ± 0.72 | 8.58 ± 0.72 | 0.8777 |
* Data presented as Mean ± Standard Error (SE). EAR—Estimated Average Requirement; AI—Adequate Intake; 1 Z-statistic was used to assess difference in baseline and replacement of whole fruit for fruit juice by comparing Z-statistic to a normal distribution table.