Table 1.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced VEGFR-2 inhibition percentage (%) of individual and combined compounds.
| Compounds | Concentration (mM) | VEGFR-2 Inhibition % (Individual Compounds) | Reference | VEGFR-2 Inhibition % (Combined Compounds) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-Indole Acetic Acid | Serotonin | Melatonin | 5-Hydroxytryptophol | ||||
| 3-Indole acetic acid | 1 | 53.56 ± 1.39 IC50 = 970.4 µM |
[19] | — | 36.42 ± 10.31 | 38.86 ± 6.90 | 8.89 ± 9.46 |
| Serotonin | 1 | 29.56 ± 14.36 | — | 43.84 ± 9.21 | 8.89 ± 9.46 | ||
| Melatonin | 1 | 32.15 ± 1.87 | — | NI | |||
| 5- Hydroxytryptophol | 1 | 22.99 ± 7.02 | — | ||||
| Hydroxytyrosol | 0.05 | 36.69 ± 6.13 IC50 = 72.40 µM (60.32–86.90) |
Figure 1B | 59.10 ± 8.26 | 31.03 ± 14.26 | 48.89 ± 5.61 * | 28.26 ± 0.0 |
Inhibition percentages of VEGFR-2 activation are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 4). * p < 0.05 versus individual compounds. The 95% confident intervals of the IC50 values are shown in parenthesis. NI: non-inhibition.