Table 1.
Examples of signal amplification and multiplex strategies in DNA detection using QD labels and SV.
| Electrode | Analyte | Signal Amplification | QDs | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MFE plated in situ on GCE | 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus | CNTs | CdSe | [35] |
| MFE plated in situ on GCE | Single DNA target | CNTs/AuNPs/MBs | CdSe–CdS | [36] |
| MFE plated in situ on GCE | Multiple DNA targets | MBs | ZnS, PbS, CdS, | [38] |
| MFE plated in situ on GCE | Single DNA target | CNTs | CdS | [40] |
| Carbon SPCE | Cystic-fibrosis-related DNA sequence | MBs | CdS | [53] |
| BiFE plated in situ on GCE | Ochratoxin A and fumonisin B1 in maize | MBs | CdTe, PbS | [60] |
| MFE plated in situ on GCE | HPV-16 | PS | CdTe | [61] |
| MFE plated in situ on GCE | Single DNA target | PS/MBs | CdS | [64] |
| MFE plated in situ on GCE | Escherichia coli uropathogens | PS/MBs | CdS | [65] |
| BiFE plated in situ on SPCE | Sequences of Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp., | - | PbS, CdS, ZnS | [67] |
| HMDE | Virus of H5N1 chains | MBs | PbS, CdS, ZnS | [68] |
| BiFE plated in situ on GCE | Multiple DNA targets | - | MT–Pb, MT–Cd, MT–Zn | [69] |
| BiFE plated in situ on SPCE | Gene of Bacillus anthracis and gene of Salmonella enteritidis | MBs | PbS, CdS | [70] |
GCE: Glassy carbon electrode; SPCE: Screen-printed carbon electrode; QDs: Quantum dots; MT: ssDNA/metallothionein; AuNPs: Gold nanoparticles; CNTs: Carbon nanotubes; BiFE: Bismuth film electrode; MFE: Mercury film electrode; HMDE: Hanging mercury drop electrode; MB: Magnetic beads; PS: Polystyrene beads.