Table 3.
Prevalence of multi-drug resistance and ESBL production in NFGNB against 8 antimicrobial categories.
| Species | R0 | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | n (%) MDR |
n (%) XDR |
n (%) PDR |
ESBL (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P. aeruginosa (n = 61) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 4 | 4 | 56 (91.8) | 6 (9.8) | 4 (6.6) | 40 (51.3) |
| P. fluorescens (n = 4) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
| P. putida (n = 6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 (100) | 1 (16.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.3) |
| P. luteola (n = 7) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (42.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.3) |
| A. baumannii (n = 28) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 13 | 26 (92.9) | 10 (35.7) | 7 (25.0) | 21 (44.7) |
| A. calcoaceticus (n = 9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 9 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (33.3) | 2 (4.3) |
| A. iwofii (n = 7) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 (71.4) | 1 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.1) |
| A. ursingii (n = 3) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (33.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
| C. pauculus (n = 1) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
| S. maltophiia (n = 1) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
| M. rhodesianum (n = 1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1000) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
| M. nonliquefaciens (n = 1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
| S. paucimobilis (n = 4) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (25.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
| B. cepacia (n = 2) | 0 | 0 | O | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 (50.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
| Total | 10 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 14 | 6 | 48 | 11 | 22 | 110 (81.5%) | 18 (13.3%) | 14 (10.4%) |
Abbreviations: ESBL, extended spectrum beta lactamase; MDR, multi-drug resistant; NFGNB, Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli; PDR, pandemic drug resistance; XDR, extensively drug resistance.
R0: no antibiotic resistant; R1: resistant to 1 antimicrobial category; R2: resistant to 2 antimicrobial categories; R3: resistant to 3 antimicrobial categories; R4: resistant to 4 antimicrobial categories; R5: resistant to 5 antimicrobial categories; R6: resistant to 6 antimicrobial categories, R7: resistant to 7 antimicrobial categories, R8: resistant to 8 antimicrobial categories.