Table 7.
Binary logistic regression analysis of factors associate with the prescribing indicators (n = 7910)
| Encounter characteristics | Prescription of ≥3 medicines in the encounter | Prescription of generic medicines in the encounter | Prescription of antibiotics in the encounter | Prescription of injections in the encounter | Prescription of essential medicines in the encounter | Prescription of TCPMs in the encounter | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | |
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Female (ref) | ||||||||||||
| Male | 1.138 (1.017, 1.274) | 0.025 * | 1.001 (0.830, 1.205) | 0.996 | 1.078 (0.946, 1.228) | 0.259 | 1.331 (1.049, 1.688) | 0.019 * | 1.058 (0.954, 1.173) | 0.283 | 0.963 (0.872, 1.064) | 0.459 |
| Age group | ||||||||||||
| 0–14 (ref) | ||||||||||||
| 15–24 |
0.879 (0.516, 1.498) |
0.636 |
1.369 (0.645, 2.903) |
0.413 |
0.824 (0.512, 1.327) |
0.425 |
0.963 (0.405, 2.292) |
0.932 |
1.771 (1.097, 2.859) |
0.019 * |
0.809 (0.496, 1.319) |
0.395 |
| 25–44 |
0.647 (0.428, 0.979) |
0.039 * |
1.065 (0.592, 1.914) |
0.834 |
0.608 (0.419, 0.882) |
0.009 * |
0.642 (0.314, 1.312) |
0.224 |
1.319 (0.919, 1.893) |
0.133 |
0.839 (0.573, 1.227) |
0.365 |
| 45–59 |
0.649 (0.431, 0.977) |
0.038 * |
1.039 (0.581, 1.856) |
0.898 |
0.479 (0.330, 0.695) |
0.000 * |
0.655 (0.323, 1.329) |
0.241 |
1.191 (0.833, 1.702) |
0.337 |
0.859 (0.590, 1.252) |
0.429 |
| ≥ 60 |
0.615 (0.407, 0.931) |
0.021 * |
1.193 (0.661, 2.153) |
0.559 |
0.464 (0.317, 0.677) |
0.000 * |
1.103 (0.545, 2.235) |
0.785 |
1.321 (0.920, 1.895) |
0.131 |
0.830 (0.568, 1.213) |
0.336 |
| Reason for encounter | ||||||||||||
| Present with at least one symptom (ref) | ||||||||||||
| Regular follow up |
0.544 (0.430, 0.690) |
0.000 * |
1.391 (0.958, 2.019) |
0.082 |
0.236 (0.160, 0.348) |
0.000 * |
0.477 (0.289, 0.785) |
0.004 * |
0.960 (0.794, 1.160) |
0.672 |
0.222 (0.182, 0.270) |
0.000 * |
| Prescription refill without other complaint |
0.926 (0.805, 1.065) |
0.281 |
2.948 (2.215, 3.923) |
0.000 * |
0.212 (0.169, 0.265) |
0.000 * |
0.222 (0.150, 0.328) |
0.000 * |
1.754 (1.529, 2.012) |
0.000 * |
0.366 (0.324, 0.413) |
0.000 * |
| Other reasons |
0.144 (0.075, 0.274) |
0.000 * |
0.033 (0.024, 0.045) |
0.000 * |
0.277 (0.173, 0.443) |
0.000 * |
0.767 (0.441, 1.336) |
0.350 |
0.096 (0.068, 0.135) |
0.000 * |
0.042 (0.026, 0.066) |
0.000 * |
| Insurance type | ||||||||||||
| PIIS (ref) | ||||||||||||
| EBMS |
1.279 (1.099, 1.489) |
0.002 * |
1.158 (0.855, 1.567)) |
0.343 |
0.960 (0.801, 1.150) |
0.657 |
1.173 (0.808, 1.704) |
0.402 |
0.870 (0.751, 1.008) |
0.064 |
1.201 (1.045, 1.380) |
0.010 * |
| NRCMS |
0.865 (0.749, 1.000) |
0.049 * |
0.553 (0.429, 0.713) |
0.000 * |
0.963 (0.816, 1.137) |
0.659 |
1.551 (1.119, 2.149) |
0.008 * |
0.812 (0.710, 0.928) |
0.002 * |
0.631 (0.556, 0.716) |
0.000 * |
| Other insurance |
1.092 (0.797, 1.498) |
0.583 |
0.864 (0.484, 1.542) |
0.620 |
0.905 (0.635, 1.290) |
0.583 |
1.392 (0.712, 2.724) |
0.334 |
0.831 (0.622, 1.112) |
0.213 |
0.899 (0.675, 1.196) |
0.464 |
| No insurance |
1.011 (0.757, 1.351) |
0.939 |
0.511 (0.343, 0.763) |
0.001 * |
0.936 (0.703, 1.246) |
0.650 |
2.470 (1.510, 4.040) |
0.000 * |
0.907 (0.702, 1.171) |
0.452 |
0.626 (0.488, 0.803) |
0.000 * |
| First time visit | ||||||||||||
| No (ref) | ||||||||||||
| Yes |
0.945 (0.730, 1.223) |
0.666 |
0.523 (0.378, 0.723) |
0.000 * |
1.048 (0.820, 1.341) |
0.707 |
1.238 (0.798, 1.921) |
0.341 |
0.808 (0.651, 1.003) |
0.053 |
0.693 (0.557, 0.861) |
0.001 * |
| Contracted patient | ||||||||||||
| No (ref) | ||||||||||||
| Yes |
1.159 (1.019, 1.320) |
0.025 * |
0.989 (0.802, 1.218) |
0.916 |
0.885 (0.766, 1.022) |
0.097 |
0.852 (0.652, 1.114) |
0.241 |
1.040 (0.927, 1.168) |
0.502 |
0.994 (0.889, 1.113) |
0.923 |
| Chronic disease | ||||||||||||
| No (ref) | ||||||||||||
| Yes |
0.963 (0.832, 1.116) |
0.620 |
1.076 (0.853, 1.357) |
0.536 |
0.455 (0.382, 0.542) |
0.000 * |
1.215 (0.901, 1.640) |
0.202 |
1.296 (1.138, 1.475) |
0.000 * |
0.449 (0.396, 0.508) |
0.000 * |
| Number of problems involved | ||||||||||||
| < 3(ref) | ||||||||||||
| ≥ 3 |
6.753 (5.806, 7.853) |
0.000 * |
2.074 (1.398, 3.077) |
0.000 * |
2.875 (2.361, 3.499) |
0.000 * |
0.773 (0.522, 1.145) |
0.199 |
2.089 (1.731, 2.520) |
0.000 * |
2.926 (2.511, 3.410) |
0.000 * |
| Consultation time | ||||||||||||
| < 5 min (ref) | ||||||||||||
| 5–10 min |
1.537 (1.347, 1.755) |
0.000 * |
2.271 (1.848, 2.790) |
0.000 * |
0.950 (0.814, 1.110) |
0.518 |
0.701 (0.536, 0.917) |
0.009 * |
1.630 (1.447, 1.836) |
0.000 * |
1.016 (0.905, 1.139) |
0.792 |
| > 10 min |
0.981 (0.827, 1.163) |
0.826 |
2.809 (2.127, 3.711) |
0.000 * |
0.858 (0.713, 1.031) |
0.102 |
0.562 (0.398, 0.792) |
0.001 * |
1.367 (1.182, 1.579) |
0.000 * |
0.819 (0.710, 0.945) |
0.006 * |
Abbreviation: TCPM Traditional Chinese patent medicine, PIIS Public institution insurance scheme, EBMS Employee basic medical scheme, NRCMS New rural cooperative medical scheme, OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval
Encounters with missing values were excluded, 7910 encounters were analyzed; other reasons for encounter included check-up, transfusion and injection, sickness certificate, etc.
*Significant in bold